Thursday, March 29, 2007

高耀洁在美国哥伦比亚大学演讲

(博讯2007年3月22日 转载)
3月20日,被誉为“中国民间抗爱滋病第一人”的高耀洁医生应邀到美国哥伦比亚大学,向师生和学者介绍在中国因为卖血导致爱滋病蔓延的问题。

高耀洁医生通过幻灯片向哥大学者介绍了中国的血浆经济,其中包括在2004年拍摄到的血站照片。高耀洁说中国的爱滋病主要是卖血和输血感染,有人对500对夫妇做过调查,一方有爱滋病,另一方感染的还不到9%.对于一些人故意引导人们误以为中国的爱滋病主要是性和吸毒造成的,高耀洁说有些专家的人格低下,不配称为专家。而有人在发艾滋财。曾经有避孕套厂长请她出面做宣传,她说我不出卖自己的灵魂就把电话挂断了。

她说目前中国爱滋病防治的主要问题是,卖血转入地下,夜里12点到早上6点,人们拥挤的排队等待采血,天一亮都撤走。高昂的利润,巨大的需求缺口,使卖血称为全国性的。农民卖800毫升血才拿到80块钱,相当于10美元,而在临床上用100cc血就是100块钱。照片上的青壮年伸出胳膊,上面是豆大的反复抽血的痕迹,原来的卖血时间间隔应该是半个月,但是现在有的人天天卖血,还有人甚至一天卖两次血。

还有宣传力度不够,人们对爱滋病缺乏了解,救助不普遍。就高耀洁自己的调查,在其他省份比河南严重的多。人们知道河南是因为她在嚷嚷了11年,河南卖血还是从山西学的。她亲自租车走访云南贵州四川广东等地,发现卖血非常严重。高耀洁用自己的积蓄和在国际上获得的奖金印发小册子让农民阅读,给他们买方便面。农民说早知道卖血会得这个病,打死也不会去卖。

另外宣传防治爱滋病,跟农民接触非常困难。一是农民得了爱滋病受到歧视,不敢承认,你送给他东西,拿衣服,拿方便面, 他才会答理你; 二是村干部把守的很严,村干部悬赏500块钱让村民举报高耀洁进村的消息,其他陌生人去了,举报的奖励是50块。

高耀洁还绘声绘色的讲述了与来访的美籍华人一起躲过当地民兵追捕的情节,有一次高耀洁一进村就感觉气氛不对,跟同行的人说:气候不对,我们走。这位美籍华人看看天不像要下雨的样子还不肯走,后来看到民兵追上来才醒悟,拚命让快开车,怕被追上揍一顿。高耀洁说,她就不去政府控制的38个艾滋村,而是专门去政府不知道的地方,回来以后再把照片公布在部落格上。 她说,因为这样下去中华民族不得了。

2004年以后对她的监控越来越甚,到出国前更严重。但是到出国前两天又好了,说是叫她建立基金会,出来跟大家要钱。

哥大东亚研究所所长黎安友认为:“ 高耀洁是一个很勇敢的人,而且她非常关心人,充满爱心。”谈到解决中国爱滋病问题的关键,黎安友认为:“最主要的一点就是要透明度。要把信息传播给每一个人知道,这样的话他才能知道主动的防治。”

高耀洁医生这次几经周折,得以从中国来美国,是到美国首都华盛顿领取“生命之音”年度“女权活动人士奖”。当地时间3月21日晚六点,她应邀在纽约法拉盛图书馆,向公众介绍中国爱滋病问题的情况。

世纪论坛 (博讯记者:薰衣草) (博讯 boxun.com)
http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2007/03/200703221207.shtml

希拉里会见高耀洁:你这两天在忙什么?(图)



“中国民间防艾第一人”高耀洁赴美领取世界妇女权利组织“生命之音(Vital Voices Global Partnership)”的年度“全球女性领袖”奖。前美国第一夫人、美国总统候选人希拉里•克林顿是该组织的名誉主席之一。颁奖典礼前,她专门接见了高耀洁医生。(资料图片)

希拉里会见高耀洁:你这两天在忙什么?(图)
(博讯2007年3月21日 转载)
记者姜英爽报导/“中国民间防艾第一人”高耀洁赴美领取“全球女性领袖”奖,披露中国艾滋病面临的严峻现实:“我觉得走出来对艾滋病人有好处,能把整个中国的艾滋病状况告诉外界。中国的传染途径与外国不同,中国主要是卖血。我想公布事实,让更多人知道,让外界听到我的声音,这个很重要”
卫生部主管艾滋病的副部长王陇德跟我谈了三个问题。第一就是王陇德副部长承认,中国的艾滋病主要是“血传播”,卖血和输血导致的;第二个他承认宣传力度不够,第三个,他承认救助不普遍,少数病人得到救治了,多数病人没有得到。

3月15日上午(当地时间3月14日晚)在美国首都华盛顿举行的颁奖典礼上,被誉为中国“民间防艾第一人”的80岁女医生高耀洁接受了世界妇女权利组织“生命之音(Vital Voices Global Partnership)”的年度“全球女性领袖”奖。来自五个国家共8位杰出人士获奖,其中有四位中国妇女:高耀洁、王行娟、谢丽华和郭建梅。

平生第一次出国领奖的高耀洁,惊动了中美高层。前美国第一夫人、美国总统候选人希拉里•克林顿是该组织的名誉主席之一。她说:“我觉得中国有这四位坚强的女性在这里得到承认是件非常好的事情。”颁奖典礼前,她专门接见了高耀洁医生。

今年80岁的高耀洁医生原是中国河南中医学院第一附属医院妇科教授、主任医师。她退休后,于1996年69岁的时候,开始关注艾滋病问题、病人和遗孤。由于高耀洁等人的努力,河南和中国各地因卖血和血浆导致艾滋病蔓延的问题,终于逐步被揭露出来。

美国当地时间3月18日清晨7点,在洛杉矶友人家小住的高耀洁老人接受了本报记者的越洋电话采访。

希拉里个别会见,我说谢谢你的信,才能让我来到这里

记者:首先祝贺您这次获奖。这两天在忙什么?

高耀洁:他们(会议组织者)给我建立了一个健康档案,帮我买了一份保险,正在给我在一座大医院进行详细的身体检查。

记者:现在感觉身体怎么样?

高耀洁:这两天记者的采访一拨一拨的,够累的,我的声音都有点嘶哑了。检查结果现在还不知道,检查可细(致)可细(致),跟中国医生一点都不一样,要是我在这里看病,可急死了。

记者:您80岁了,还是这么急性子啊。在美国这些天,是怎么安排的?

高耀洁:来到之后休息了几天,然后就是去华盛顿领奖,开了一个发布会,各个方面的会见,国务卿和夫人会见,希拉里也是个别会见了我,然后就是采访,我都不知道见了多少个电台、电视台。接下来我检查完身体,就要去我妹妹家住几天。她已经在美国定居了。

记者:您跟希拉里见面的时候,谈了些什么?

高耀洁:这个人很家常,我们都坐在沙发上,一开始她就问我的工作,问我在美国习惯不习惯。我看她还是不像大家评论的那个样子(强悍),她很同意我在防艾工作上的一些看法,包括提倡性道德、洁身自好等等。我还跟她说中国防治艾滋病的情况,她对中国情况很了解,是个中国通。

记者:您有没有表示对她的感谢?

高耀洁:我一开始就说了。我说谢谢你的信,才能让我来到这里。我们谈了半个多小时,她亲自把我送出来。

卫生部副部长来看我,他跟我谈了三个问题。如果这三个问题能落实的话,就是中国艾滋病人的幸福,也是中华民族的幸福,所有问题将迎刃而解

记者:您80岁高龄了,还有机会到美国去看一看,这也是一件值得庆贺的事情。

高耀洁:我80岁了,还能跑到北京上海的大学去讲演,证明我的身体还是不错的。这次到美国来领奖没有奖金,但是待遇非常好,也有很多人捐款被我拒绝了。连机票都是头等舱,组织也很隆重。

记者:您在经历了这么多艰难之后,站在领奖台上,是什么样的心情?

高耀洁:发奖的时候,你没有看到我在台上的表情,我心情非常复杂。一个是非常乱,另一个我也很高兴。现在中国比过去开明,胡锦涛总书记和温家宝总理、吴仪副总理,能亲自关注这个问题,这是很了不起的事情,也是中国一个进步。我能来到美国,落实了改革开放的思想,也落实了和谐社会,现在国家更民主,有人提意见可以接受。在艾滋病防治方面,我来美国之前的2月23日晚上,卫生部主管艾滋病的副部长王陇德来看我了,我们在谈话中间,他跟我谈了三个问题。如果这三个问题能落实的话,就是中国艾滋病人的幸福,也是中华民族的幸福,所有问题将迎刃而解。

第一就是王陇德部长承认,中国的艾滋病主要是“血传播”,卖血和输血导致的;我并不否认有‘性传播’和‘吸毒传播’、‘母婴传播’。看来现在是‘母婴传播’比‘性传播’还多。但是主要是因为穷,卖血,因为有病输血。第二个他承认宣传力度不够,他给我举了个例子,有个大学四年级的学医学的学生,怀疑自己得了艾滋病,打电话向卫生部求救,卫生部后来派人给他检查,却发现他得了恐艾症。他都学了四年医学了,还不知道艾滋病是何物,王副部长也觉得很奇怪;第三个,他承认救助不普遍,少数病人得到救治了,多数病人没有得到。他们不敢暴露身份。

记者:你觉得高层已经知道中国艾滋病面临的严峻现实?

高耀洁:对。我当时就和王陇德说,我老婆子80了,就图一句真话,如果都像你这样说话的,就真的不会有那么多矛盾了。这个王陇德是我近年来见过的几十个卫生官员里面态度最好、最诚恳的一个了。他是代表吴仪来的,承认这几条是非常了不起的,但是能不能落实还让人担心,因为很多时候,上令不能下达。下面的情况又反映不上去。我在接受记者采访的时候说,我感谢希拉里的努力,感谢胡锦涛主席温家宝总理的批示。不过我也对艾滋病在中国的情况感到很沉重。

记者:您为自己感到骄傲吗?

高耀洁:压力很大。那天在记者会上我也说,我觉得我很惭愧,而且我是个失败者,我并没解决多大问题。我希望做更多的努力,我们的国家也应该付出更多的努力。

中国的传艾途径,主要是卖血。如果中国不从治理血源着手,继续卖血继续输血,继续死人,艾滋病还会继续增多

记者:有机会到美国,和国际组织、和一些人士接触,您最想告诉他们什么?

高耀洁:我觉得走出来对艾滋病人有好处,能把整个中国的艾滋病状况告诉外界。中国的传染途径与外国不同,中国主要是卖血。我想公布事实,让更多人知道,让外界听到我的声音,这个很重要。现在(国内)大家都只知道防治艾滋病要用避孕套。卖避孕套的可发了洋财了。我最想表达的是,中国如果这样卖血、这样输血下去,血液问题不能断绝,艾滋病继续传播,继续死人,孤儿不是继续增多吗?你光说“救孤儿”,救得了吗?你不从根源上解决问题,艾滋病人能断绝吗?

记者:您觉得大家还是认为艾滋病主要是靠性传播的?

高耀洁:这是一种误解。现在各地还在卖血,比如你们广东。在2月份,1月份,山西和广东还有两个大的“黑血站”卖血。有人卖,就有人输。最近见到(的一个例子),一个小孩2004年10月24日出生,2005年8月23日从沙发上摔下来,头上摔了个包。是个男孩子,(家里)比较娇,到医院去看,医院给他输了一袋“血小板”。到了9月1日,又给他输了一袋,孩子从这以后就发病了。2006年6月9日,这个孩子死了,得艾滋病死了。(这孩子才)十九个月。这是我亲眼看见的。妇女情况比他们更严重。第一,是剖腹产、子宫手术、宫外孕手术,输血感染比较多。我名片上有我的博客(http://blog.sina.com.cn/gaoyaojie)。在我那博客上,我老伴去世这半年,我收到因为妇科手术感染的四十多例,而且发生在一个县。还有人工流产,还有一个上(避孕)环出血也感染了……你们可以把博客上这些东西看看,看看这些情况。有一家四口人就感染三口,已经死掉一口了,都是艾滋病。如果中国不从治理血源着手,继续卖血继续输血,继续死人,艾滋病还会继续增多。这是民族问题,不是我的问题,不是你的问题,这是全民族的问题。

记者:您到美国去,也看到当地的艾滋病情况了,是吗?

高耀洁:对,我去看望了艾滋病组织,他们送给我好多小礼品,还有他们自己画的画,他们这边的艾滋病(人)跟正常的其他病一样,没有什么不能公开的。他们这边的病人主要是同性恋等性传播。他们还有杂志。把他们找到的无家可归的艾滋病人都收到一起,管吃管喝。一些情况好的还在那个组织做一般的事务性工作,帮助那些发病者,他们还建了一个面包房,卖面包赚钱,来养活这些无家可归的人,弄得挺好的,光是员工就400多人,规模特别大。

记者:中国很多人都不愿意承认自己有这个病。

高耀洁:大家都不肯承认自己有艾滋病。其实少林寺底下有三个乡都很严重。我去过一个居民点,38家,40多人都有(艾滋)病。一进村,我就发现一个女的在晒太阳,嘴巴都烂了,明显是有病,我说,你是不是身体不好。她说没事,说不到三句话,就跑了。最后我给病人发方便面,她又歪歪扭扭来了,我说你不是没病吗?她说,“丑”!

南方都市报

Friday, March 16, 2007

中国艾滋病村: 我朱龙伟究竟身犯何法,为何被软禁?



(博讯2007年3月16日 首发 - 支持此文作者/记者)
我朱龙伟无非是让感染艾滋病病毒的同胞们能够多活一天,活的更有意义一点,让我们周围少一些歧视,多一份关爱;为营造一个适宜的生存环境而不懈的奋斗;我朱龙伟只不过不畏权贵,敢说真话而已。甚至有人会问你朱龙伟为什么与艾滋病的事情纠缠在一起?有什么企图?想从中捞什么"油水"?回答是:非也。我本人虽然不是艾滋病病毒感染者,但是, 我有其他艾滋病病毒感染者都没有经历过的痛苦,如:我父子两辈人艾滋病毒感染者28 人,目前已经死去12 人,至今存活下来的仅有16 人(当然也包括我的妻子及孩子),作为一个家庭今后的生存的艰辛你们可想而知了;这就是我从事艾滋病防治工作的动力,这就是我从事艾滋病防治工作的源泉,我毫不忌讳地说:在为这个群体服务或者说付出的同时,当然也是为我的家人(当然包括我的妻子与孩子)服务与付出,人人为我,我为人人,整个社会就是这样,你无法分得清哪是为自己,哪是为别人服务的,朋友你说哪?

但我来自最底层的组织,深知基层组织的需求,深深地了解甚受艾滋病折磨的痛苦,我有从事艾滋病防治工作的5 年的经验及教训,我所处的社区或地区属于全省38 个高发区之一,更了解他们的需求,我朱龙伟作为受害人之一,我愿意为他们说话(当然也是为自己说话),我没有理由不代他们说真话、实话,因为我知道怎样代他们说话;说什么样的话;把该说的话说给谁听等等。

我朱龙伟前几年做的工作不赘述了,2006 年究竟干了些啥"勾当"哪?1 ,为两个受艾滋病影响家庭患先天性心脏病的儿童,作了检测、治疗,为一名儿童(王愉悦)成功心脏手术(感谢国际儿童希望- 助医工作部大力支持)2 ,为双庙村小学募捐T 恤衫600 多件(感谢上海爱的教育基金会的援助);3 ,为官庄、门楼网、济渎池、赵庄等中学,雷屯、双庙小学及双庙村图书馆募捐各类图书1 万5000 余册,排球、篮球、足球等100 多枚(个)(由爱的教育基金会发起、组织捐赠的)各类学习用品不计其数(可以说整个双庙小学使用的笔、苯等学习用品都是我们柘城县艾滋病防治民间促进会供给的)4 ,为柘城县的艾滋病患者争取 70人次的保健药品,价值 2000元 /月 /人 ; 5,为全县艾滋病患者争取更换 891人的拉米夫丁抗病毒药物; 6,为双庙村募捐 5000余件旧衣物; 7,跟踪报道(向有关部门反映)柘城县 CDC29人出国新、马、泰旅游,行程到昆明被国家相关部门追回,为国家挽回经济损失几十万元; 8,揭露柘城县医药批发部出售"拉米夫定"事件,使绝大多数艾滋病人服用上了副作用小的抗病毒药物; 9,利用联合基金项目成功开展四期"药物依从性教育"培训,直接受益人群达 336人; 10, 2007年 1月 12日 接受英国《经济学家》周刊麦杰斯、周宇采访时说了一些"不应"说的话而已;。。。。。。。。。。,要列举我朱龙伟的罪我估计也不过就这些主要的,其他的"小事"记都记不起来,目前我实在是头大眼昏了,记不起来了,真的。

最初2007 年1 月16 日起被软禁,哪期间因为高耀杰老师也被软禁,我想怕我出去呼吁或者有什么举动,我估计是高抬我了,我哪有那能耐?接着就顺理成章地取消了我参加在桂林举办"联合基金"项目评审会议,可是,好事情成双,接下来就听说我接受英国《经济学家》记者采访在《参考消息 >> 上刊登了,省委书记异常气愤,于是乎我的电话就再也打不出去,当然也接不进来了,起初我天天给电话局打电话让来人修理,可是就是找不出毛病,修理人员说线路没问题,哪可能你的电话机坏了,于是就购买一部电话机,但是还是不通,那就继续修理,说实在的电话局也天天来人修理,真正没辙了,也就放弃了,紧接着电脑不能上网,即使有时能上网,察看邮件时都是乱码,重要信息也发不出去,邮件总是被退回,到了 2月中旬情况更糟糕,更本不能上网了,于是就找网通公司经理交涉,起初来人查找原因,结果没有查到,他们怀疑网卡坏了,于是我就去县城换网卡,网卡换成新的了,网通公司的人员在场,他们又怀疑交换器(毛子)坏了,于是我又去购买交换器,结果还是不能上网,这时他们又怀疑电话线老化了,于是有更换电话线,可是还是不能上网,于是我提出重新安装,按新用户安装宽带上网,这时网通公司请来了郑州市网通公司的负责人,不知道他们怎么捣鼓的,直到 2007 年3 月14 日总算可以"正常"上网了,可是所有的邮件还是发不出去,还是被退回。

在这期间因为一直被软禁,所以无论外界捐赠的什么物品也无法(当然也包括药品、保健品)取回(一般都是通过物流公司托运到商丘物流公司),于是我就打电话给岗王乡乡长交涉,乡长说:你把你的身份证拿出来我让人替你取回来,于是我就把我的身份证交予了乡长,取回物品后,身份证就一直被扣,虽然索要多次,但是均以替我保存为由不给(直到今天仍未归还)。

春节过得挺愉快,因为天天有住村工作组的官员来我家对我进行慰问。

3 月15 日8 :30 左右天下着小雨,今天没有人来我家监视,于是我就乘车到郑州准备参加在广州举行的"药物倡导"会议,由于当天他们没有看见我,于是家里像炸开了锅一样,公安、政府等各方人员追问我的下落,对我的家属施加压力,恐吓等,给我打电话问我在那儿,当我电话告诉他们我在县医院时,几班人马同时搜查,由于没有找到我,就打电话问我究竟在哪,如果胆敢外出"后果自负""到那时我们不是在这儿谈话了"等等,还由一公安电话问我是不是我真想"喝稀饭"等,我朱龙伟真的不知我罪犯何处?真的。

柘城县艾滋病防治民间促进会- 朱龙伟(草)

2007-3-16



受著者委托转发此文。
常坤
2007年3月16日

附录:


与艾滋病赛跑

“妈妈我恨你!”四岁半的孙蔚林对妈妈李喜阁说,“不是你,我还有姐姐。” 不知道是不是小女儿给了她勇气。


  2005年12月1日,世界艾滋病日。37岁的李喜阁走到了CCTV新闻会客厅栏目的镜头前,公开自己的身份——输血感染艾滋病患者。


  李喜阁是河南省商丘市宁陵县第一个这样做的艾滋病患者。“我要让大家知道我的事,这也许会对别人有帮助。”她说。


  中国目前有愈84万人感染艾滋病,他们都需要帮助。中国还确定在未来5年将艾滋病感染者控制在150万人以内。


  这是一场跟艾滋病的赛跑,是一场输不起的生死时速。


  李喜阁说,对中国来说,更重要的是让更多的人都了解艾滋病。两个故事


  孙蔚林曾经有一个姐姐。这个名叫孙迎晨的女孩一直不停地生病,不停地上医院,但在很长时间里都不能确诊。2004年8月12日下午,孙迎晨被确诊为艾滋病晚期,一天后,这个刚刚过完9岁生日不久的小女孩就离开了人世。


  噩耗接踵而至。在排查孙迎晨传染病因时,医生给李喜阁也做了艾滋病毒检测,结果发现她已经感染艾滋病毒。小女儿孙蔚林未能幸免,检测结果也呈阳*。


  “当时我根本无法承受。我刚死了大女儿,老婆和小女儿也像判了死刑。” 李喜阁的丈夫孙健峰说。他今年38岁,经检测没有感染。


  李喜阁想不出来,自己怎么会得上艾滋病,两个女儿又怎么会感染?李喜阁突然回忆起自己在1995年6月22日生大女儿孙迎晨时,由于剖腹产输了血。难道就是这个原因?


  李喜阁和孙健峰夫妇回访了商丘市宁陵县妇幼保健医院和其他当时一起住院做剖腹产的妇女。尽管医院遮遮掩掩,但李喜阁夫妇调查发现,当时十多个同时生产接受输血的产妇,已经造成29人交叉感染艾滋病。


  “从孕妇到孩子再到丈夫。”李喜阁对本报记者说,“如果我早知道我得上了艾滋病,我绝不会再生第二个孩子。”


  孙蔚林失去了姐姐,也失去了惟一忠实的玩伴。


  在她父母四处奔走调查事实原因的时候,她家一家四口三人感染艾滋病的消息很快传出。邻居的孩子躲着孙蔚林,她上了两年幼儿园再也不能去了。


  那时候孙蔚林只有三岁。她从妈妈那里听到了“艾滋病”这个词,她对这个词的真切理解就是,妈妈得了这个病所以姐姐病了,然后姐姐没了。现在自己也得了这个病,只能待在家里,没有人可以一起玩。


  终于,有一天孙蔚林向李喜阁说:“妈妈我恨你……我要去幼儿园!”这个四岁半的小女孩跳着脚重复着。


  “谁让我们家破人亡?”在以后的日子里孙健峰不断地问自己。


  1994年河南爆发艾滋病后,1995年3月,国家卫生部明令全国各医院严格把关采血输血过程,特别在输血前要保证检验血源是否含有艾滋病病毒。但是一些地方医院显然没有按照国家规定操作,所以孙健峰的妻女才会感染。


  在和医院交涉无果后,孙健峰开始面对一个现实:该怎么让这个家生活下去。妻子和女儿出现发病的迹象,随时需要有人照顾。他原来上班的高速公路队也有了关于他的流言,他发现很难工作下去,即使自己再努力。曾经3000多元的工资是家里主要的经济来源,但是现在孙健峰却不得不放弃。


  幸运的是,李喜阁原来在宁陵县集邮公司工作,在得知李喜阁病情后,公司给她安排了较为轻松的工作,让她以治病为主,每月1200元工资照发。李喜阁开始接受抗病毒药物治疗,病情得到控制。根据卫生部在2003年12月1日出台的“四免一关怀政策”,李喜阁得到了国家免费抗病毒药物治疗。


  李喜阁只是中国84万艾滋病人中的一例。她的河南老乡朱龙伟也有相似的经历。


  朱龙伟是家住河南商丘双庙村的农民。他的妻子在2002年7月时由于误入了当地的非法采血站感染艾滋病。2003年妻子发病后,朱龙伟倾其家产为妻子看病。“家里值钱的东西都卖了。连田里的树都砍了卖了。”43岁的朱龙伟说,“现在还欠下1万多元钱。”


  2004年,双庙村落实“四免一关怀”政策后,朱龙伟明显感觉到自己压力轻了许多。“我妻子得到免费治疗,家里难以承担的开销减轻了。治疗后妻子体力有所恢复,可以下地干些活。妻子得到每月40元的民政补助,对生活略有帮助。”


  在自家的生活开始有了着落之后,朱龙伟试图去帮助更多的人。


  根据2003年的相关统计,双庙村近3000人中,有25%感染了艾滋病。双庙村被周围的村称为“瘟庄”。亲戚断绝来往,邻居不串门。朱龙伟很难受。在妻子患病之后,他了解到了艾滋病传播的方式,正常的交往根本不会带来任何危险。“越不了解,越怕,才越危险。”朱龙伟说。事实上,当时村里很多家庭内部发生了交叉感染,这都源于大家对艾滋病只怕,而不了解。


  他决心改变这种情况,因为他自己通过安全的方式并没有传染艾滋病。他要让大家了解事实。此后朱龙伟开始奔走于各家宣传艾滋病的预防治疗知识。开始只有他一个人奔忙,后来逐渐有越来越多的病人家属加入到他的行列,现在已经发展成有几十人的志愿宣传小组。“大家不害怕了,亲戚们又开始走动了,邻居们又串门。”朱龙伟说的时候,低声笑了。


  另一个显著的变化是,艾滋病感染蔓延的势头得以控制,今年在双庙村艾滋病感染者的比例占全村人口总比例的约13%。


  双庙村是中国与艾滋病斗争的一个缩影。今年7月份,卫生部长高强公布的一组数据说,目前,全国抗病毒治疗范围已覆盖18个省(区、市)、88个地(市)、292个县(区),预防艾滋病母婴传播的试点已推广到15个省(区)的85个县市,自愿参加艾滋病咨询服务的已扩展到全国31个省(区、市)的1973个县(区)。高强说,已经形成了全社会共同抗击艾滋病的良好环境。


  但朱龙伟还有沉重的经济压力。目前国家只解决免费的抗病毒药物,但对于艾滋病人必须的一年两次的病毒载体检查共6000多元的治疗费还需个人负担。“这几乎抵消了一家全年的所有收入。日子还是紧得很。”朱龙伟说。


  “我觉得国家如果再加大力度,对艾滋病防治工作做得更彻底,效果会更好。”他说,“还有一个问题:农村基层医疗人员素质较低,他们很多人不比艾滋病人家属了解得多。”一个未来


  朱龙伟关心的问题也正是中国卫生界人士所忧虑的。北京佑安医院艾滋病专业医生兼卫生部艾滋病专家咨询委员会委员张可医生说:“目前中国艾滋病治疗的最大挑战来自我们缺乏足够的艾滋病专业治疗队伍。”


  张可说:“资金和药品,国家有能力解决并且现在也在逐步推进,但是艾滋病专业医疗人员的缺乏,使中国在应对迅速膨胀的艾滋病患者时表现得准备不足。”另外,据张说,艾滋病专业医生培训难度大,要求高,要有很强的责任心和耐心,这些是难以在短时间形成足够艾滋病专业医疗人员的其他客观因素。


  张可所在的佑安医院是中国少数有艾滋病专门门诊的医院。从1994年到现在,他们培养了一支十几人的艾滋病专业治疗组,但是业务非常熟练的也就几个人。在全国范围内,优秀的艾滋病治疗医生也就几十人,这相对于中国近一百万的艾滋病患者而言微乎其微。


  “5到10年我们才能培养相当规模的艾滋病专业治疗队伍。”张可说。


  张可的另外一个身份是孙蔚林的免费顾问医师,他密切关注着孙蔚林的情况:“这半年内孙蔚林还要好好观察。5岁对她来说是一关。因为3-5岁是儿童艾滋病急*进行期,这期间儿童极易死亡。8-9岁是慢*进行期,还很容易发病。”


  儿童是中国艾滋病治疗面临的一大困难。目前中国*艾滋病防治刚刚推广,儿童艾滋病的防治只是刚刚开始,还没有有效的药物治疗。美国的克林顿基金最近在中国部分地区帮助开展儿童艾滋病的药物治疗。


  “中国的药物治疗,目前除了继续推进自主研发外,应该加大对于取得国外抗病毒药物专利的仿制。”张可说。因为通常开发一种新药的周期在5到10年,时间、技术都会成为限制。“但是最终战胜艾滋病我们还要等到疫苗的问世,这是一个世界*的课题。”


  12月3日,100多位中外艾滋病防治领域的专家在北京召开讨论会,探讨艾滋病预防和控制的新策略和新方法。美国的国立卫生研究院称,如果不及时控制,到2010年中国艾滋病的感染人数可能会达到1000万。根据中国目前官方公布的数字,按照WHO的估算标准已感染艾滋病的人数为84万。卫生部副部长黄浩夫说:“我们中国的目标,从卫生部的态度来说,在2010年控制在150万是乐观的,同时我们可能会做得更好。”


  美国国立卫生研究院负责人霍夫说:“最近的调查表明,中国的公民已经了解了HIV的感染途径,知道怎么样不受到HIV的感染。但是也有很多人并不知道这些信息,该让他们更加了解病毒传播的情况,这是根本所在。”


  黄洁夫赞同霍夫的说法。他说:“现在重要的是,希望中国的广大人民群众知道艾滋病的情况,了解的更多,是怎么样传播的,是怎么样通过人的自身的行为和公众的行为可以预防的。”


  而喜阁母女正在和艾滋病赛跑。孙健峰则没有想过未来会怎么样:“我想不了那么远,我希望让她们的每一天过得快乐。”


  “孩子最近头上起了带状疱疹,一个晚上哭醒好几回。我都得起来哄她。”孙健峰说。


  孙健峰坚持认为,应该有人为当年不负责任的输血事件负责。他希望政府能够帮助解决有关赔偿事宜。他说:“无论如何钱不能换回生命了,但是应该有人负责。”


  和孙健峰处在同样的困境,朱龙伟的妻子目前只是控制了病情,但是随时有恶化的可能。朱龙伟说:“我很担心不知什么时候就会失去她。我现在最大的心愿就是她能用到更有效的药,尽量地延长生命。”


  目前双庙村广泛使用的四种抗病毒药品,有两种药品的搭配是被WHO认为副作用过大而国外已经停止使用的。目前国家刚刚发放了两种新的副作用小的抗病毒药,但是还只有少部分人用得上。


  最近,朱龙伟他们得到北京民间艾滋病健康教育研究组织“爱知行”的资助,正在开展更专业的培训。

  怎样应对还在逐渐增加的艾滋病患者?张可说:“艾滋病的防治要落实,一步一步的做。最重要的不是发生了什么,而是我们做什么。我们要抓住未来。”


中国艾滋病村
(博讯记者:蔡楚) [博讯首发,转载请注明出处]-
http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2007/03/200703162028.shtml

"你的姐姐在天堂,妈妈在监狱" 李喜阁:艾滋病病毒感染者的上访记; 艾滋病维权女性李喜阁 /胡佳

李喜阁与女儿和曾金燕

河南省商丘市宁陵县,因为九十年代中期卫生部门的医疗腐败和医疗事故,产生了大批手术输血感染艾滋病的老百姓。至今十余年过去,许多艾滋病人已经病故。而当地妇幼保健院等直接责任机构没有对曾经因手术输血的百姓做过任何建议艾滋病检测。其中就包括当年的产妇李喜阁。政府的渎职致使李喜阁一家,不仅她自己感染了艾滋病,大女儿孙迎晨和小女儿孙蔚林也同时感染。大女儿2004年8月13日9岁时夭折,小女儿琳琳现
在5岁了,也到了发病治疗的阶段。

从2005年1月起李喜阁走上为自己一家讨公道的历程。但河南高级法院以所谓“口头文件”为由非法不给与立案。李喜阁不得不到北京的国家信访局和卫生部信访处等地多次上访。2005年夏季她创办为当地艾滋病妇女儿童服务的“康乐家”,一起减轻感染者和病人的心里压力,为大家争取政府赔偿。2006年夏季,因她带领几名感染者和病人前往北京的国家卫生部要求高强部长出面沟通情况,被河南宁陵警方押解回原籍,以“聚众冲击国家机关”的罪名,刑事拘留了20天。在国际社会的努力下,才以“取保候审”的形式被暂时放回家。但随后开始了断断续续的软禁。甚至毫无人道地不允许她一同前往北京给小女儿琳琳看病。

2007年2月1日起,因为高耀洁医生被中央政治局常委李长春、罗干和河南省委书记徐光春下令非法拘禁。为了防止活跃艾滋病感染者们相互联系前往高教授家探望和救援,河南政府责成商丘市委书记刘满仓将艾滋病维权妇女李喜阁也同期软禁起来,并且切断她家里的电话和网络。其中最严密的阶段,给李喜阁的家外也设置上类似山东警方给陈光诚家使用的手机信号屏蔽器,致使李喜阁一家一段时间内完全中断与外界联系。当地政法系统言明,初中文化程度的李喜阁2005年以来在网上发表的日记文章和诗篇对政府的“恶劣影响”很大,所以必须将其封口。政府还令她的丈夫所在单位警告李喜阁的爱人孙建峰如果再配合李喜阁上访,就让他下岗。

虽然高耀洁教授受的非法拘禁在国际社会的关注中,并且在胡锦涛、吴仪和美国参议员希拉里女士的斡旋下得以解除,但李喜阁遭受的非法拘禁却始终没有解除。每年2月底到3月中两会的黑云压境,臭名昭著的中共政法系统国家黑社会势力每每制造恐怖气氛,抓捕和软禁横行。人大和政协的会议素来都是中国异议人士、维权人士和上访百姓们的例行“刑期”,身患艾滋病的女性维权者李喜阁自然也不例外。3月8日国际妇女节来临。呼吁国际社会给河南政府压力,解除对艾滋病人李喜阁和她全家的非法拘禁。

如果本届人大和政协高调关切“民生”,那就从还老百姓尊严和人权开始。

胡佳

2007年3月7日星期三 于泰国
来泰国权宜之计,只是为了再获得7天的香港居留。在泰国上网非常不便。网吧里面只有泰语和英语输入。我知道高老师为李喜阁忧心,金燕和我也一样。赶在3月8日为李喜阁发个简短的消息。
http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2007/03/200703072245.shtml

---------------
http://news.boxun.com/news/gb/china/2006/10/200610192341.shtml
李喜阁:艾滋病病毒感染者的上访记(上)
(博讯2006年10月19日) 俗话说,上访难,难若上青天,现在我们真的体会到了……

下面是 2006年6月20日和21日河南省宁陵县部分输血感染艾滋病的妇女到河南省高检上访的情况。 (博讯 boxun.com)

2006年6月20日我们在大河报和网络上发现这样一个消息:“从6月19日到23日在河南省省高检机关开展举报宣传周活动,鼓励群众积极举报职务犯罪线索,为了便于群众举报,省高检还公布了举报中心电话,举报接待室电话。”

无论是真是假,我们都要试一下。有6名输血感染艾滋病的妇女,1名男子(他是妻子传染给他的,他的妻子是2001年在医院剖腹产输血感染艾滋病的。)和1名母婴传播感染艾滋病的5岁女童,1名妇女家属(健康人),一共9名,最大感染者是42岁,最小5岁。我们从7点在宁陵县坐大巴车,9点30分到郑州,立即到省高检。在省高检接待室,我们赶紧要了2张表格,填写内容:一个表格写了我们县有11个人因在医院手术输血感染艾滋病已经死亡的情况;另一个表格填写了有26个家庭因医院给家人输血感染艾滋病,当地人民法院不给立案,当地人民检查院没有追究医院和医生的责任,当地政府没有赔偿的详细材料。我们写好以后赶紧交了上去。

省高检接待室很热,全省各地市的老百姓来上访者较多,像赶庙会那样热闹。

我让我县其它人员在接待室等着,如果念到我和张秀的名字时,再叫我,我在接待室门口看宣传栏里的立案标准。

检察机关管辖的侵权渎职犯罪主要案件立案标准

1、滥用职权案(六条)2、玩忽职守案(八条)3、非法拘禁案(六条)4、刑讯逼供案(五条)5、报复陷害案(三条)

以上每条都写的有理有据,清清楚楚,但老百姓没有人看,他们说这些立案标准都没有用,有的人已上访15年了,都没有结果。有一个农村来的老大娘问我:“你为啥来上访呢?”我说:“我的孩子因医疗事故死亡都快2年了,没有部门处理,当地法院不给立案,当地检察院也不追究。”老大娘说:“天下乌鸦一般黑,都是这样,政府腐败造成的。”

老大娘说:“闺女,不要再看那些宣传栏里的内容,没有用,我们还是瞎了好,这个社会我们什么都看不到,眼不见,心不烦,就好了。等会儿你到接待室里,工作人员接访你时,你什么都明白了,你还不知道这个社会有多黑。”
我是第一次来河南省省高检上访,准备了2份材料。

一份是我的长女孙迎晨因输血感染艾滋病死亡的事件,检察院不是要追究责任吗?我把宁陵县政府,宁陵县县委,宁陵县卫生局,宁陵县防疫站,宁陵县妇幼保健院全部都交给省高检部门处理,在2004年8月份我女儿死亡以前宁陵县已查出有10名因医院输血感染艾滋病病毒,8名死亡,2名存活。为什么不排查宁陵县输血的人群?如及时采取措施,我的大女儿就不会走向死亡了。该追究哪个相关部门的责任?我不知道,为什么该立案的案件法院就是不给立案?该追究刑事责任的检察院就是不追究?法院不给立案,检察院不追究刑事责任,我们就要求省高检来处理。

还有一份材料是宁陵县输血感染艾滋病妇女26个家庭集体上访材料,同样是告以上单位的,并要求追究他们的刑事责任。

当我看完立案标准以后,与我同来的人叫我说,省高检的人点你的名字。

省高检保安人员把我叫到省高检接访办公室。

省高检工作人员:“你说你孩子死亡以前,有人在医院输血感染艾滋病死亡吗?你们县输血感染艾滋病的有多少人?都在哪几家医院传染的?”

我说:“目前,已知宁陵县有26个家庭的成员因输血感染艾滋病,其中有10个儿童母婴传播感染艾滋病,基本上都是从1995年到2001年在宁陵县妇幼保健院生孩子时,医生为了血浆利益,不该输血也给输血,有一个是2001年在宁陵县人民医院输血感染艾滋病。我们县法院不立案,县检察院不追究,政府不赔偿。”

省高检工作人员说:“你们有没有详细的材料,让我看一看,看过以后我们才能说这个事怎么处理。”

我把宁陵县输血感染艾滋病和母婴感染艾滋病儿童共计46个人的详细感染艾滋病材料全部交给他看。

高检工作人员看后说:“胡闹,出现这么多输血感染艾滋病的事件,没有部门处理,艾滋病必须要控制,如不控制后果更厉害。你们这个事我们省高检要当做一个重大典型事件来处理。我做批示,该追究的必须追究,一切责任……”,停顿了一下,他又说:“给老百姓看病的医院能让妇女输血感染艾滋病,简直胡闹!”

我看到高检工作人员在我的上访材料表里,批示写了100多个字。

省高检工作人员说:“明天(2006年6月22日)我们省高检副检察长上商丘检察院大接访,我们省高检副检查长要亲自把你们宁陵县妇女输血感染艾滋病的重大事件交给商丘市检察院处理,让他们认真处理好这一重大事件。”

我从上访到现在快一年了,没有一个部门给批示这么多的字。

今天是不是遇见“包青天”了。我不敢相信这事是真的,我感到我好像在做梦。

我出来的时候已经是11点45分了,我们这些妇女也想进去谈一谈。

只能等到下午3点上班时再到高检接访办公室交集体材料,实际大家的材料我已经上交了,但是大家还是想到里面谈一谈。

到了中午吃饭的时候,我才想起来抗早上的病毒药物忘记吃了,我赶紧服抗病毒药物。然后,我吃了一个干烧饼,喝一点矿泉水,其他的人吃的是2个烙馍,每一个烙馍是一元人民币,再喝点矿泉水,这样一顿简单的中午饭大家10分钟就吃完了。因天气热到39度,想找一个地方歇一歇。我的女儿玲玲怕热,什么东西也没吃。

艾滋病人冬天怕冷,夏天怕热,这2个季节是艾滋病死亡高峰。 因天气太热,我们必须找到一个凉快的一个地方歇一歇,毕竟还有孩子。中午12点30分我们到高检西边农业银行营业大厅,我们坐在那儿休息一会儿,我们刚刚坐下休息15分钟,农行银行营业大厅的保安人员就把我们赶走了。

我们又找到高检附近的河南法制报社楼下大厅,在大厅的上方和停在报社门口的几辆宣传车门上有一个大广告语:《河南法制报》改成《今日安报》。大厅的地面全部用的是水磨石地板,非常凉快。 三个妇女躺在报社大厅地下就睡着了,2个妇女到大街上看一看去了。我不能睡,女儿在大厅玩,大家因疲劳过度,睡的都很沉,这些人身上仅有的财物,如果小偷来了怎么办?

2点多的时候我1个人在厅里转悠。2点20分报社工作人员陆续上班了,他们看了看这些上访的人员,谁也没有说话。

下午3点高检准时开始接访,我们走到高检接待室门口时,到了下午4点时我们被高检点名,保安人员把我们3个妇女领到一个接访办公室 。一个是吕芝,是1995年宁陵县妇幼保健院做剖腹产手术输血感染艾滋病,她的孩子也是母婴传播感染艾滋病了,另一位是张娥,她是2001年在宁陵县人民医院做手术时输血感染艾滋病。

高检工作人员说:“你们反映输血感染艾滋病的事,在河南省都不稀罕了,现在你们有四免一关怀政策,看病打针都不掏钱,国家对你们这些人群非常照顾 。现在我们整个河南省都不给立案。你们只有找当地政府解决实际问题。”

张娥说:“1998年以前不给立案,我是2001年在医院看病输血感染艾滋病的,应该给立案吧?我现在左眼都失明了,为了看病,我们家里所有积蓄都化完了,……”

吕芝说:“我们都没有门路才到高检上访,如果我县法院给立案,县人检察院追究当年县卫生局和宁陵县医院的刑事责任,我们就不需要跑到这个地方上访了,我的孩子也感染了艾滋病。

高检工作人员说:“你们可以通过到省信访局上访的办法来解决问题。”

吕芝说:“我们都去过了,当地政府还是不给解决。”

高检工作人员说:“我们管不住法院立案的事,你们只有一个办法,到省信访局上访,通过上访,你们每一次上访,省信访局都扣你们商丘市和宁陵县政府的分,扣多了,这些领导都不好当了,你们到那而去上访吧!”

下午4点30分我们一行9个人来到省信访局,今天是星期二省信访局不接访,我们找到了省信访局的小门进入省信访局。我们直接找省信访局工作人员,找到后,他说:“你们是那个地方的,那个市、县管辖?反映什么问题?”

我们说:“商丘市的,宁陵县人,反映在医院输血感染艾滋病的问题。”

工作人员说:“今天下午不上班,今天下午学习。明天上午再接访,你们回去吧。”

我们说:“我们从宁陵到商丘市,从商丘市到郑州,又跑到这个地方,跑了几个小时,你们让我们回去,说回去都回去了,天这么热,我们也不知道你们星期二接不接访,我们想和你们省信访局的领导见见面,总可以吧?”

工作人员说:“你们在院里等一会儿,有人来接待你们。”

我们在省信访局院里等了20分钟,等来的是我县驻省接访办事处的工作人员。我认识她,她姓赵,40多岁,她原来系宁陵信访局干部,现在是宁陵县信访局驻省信访局办事处工作人员。这些人天天站在省信访局门口,阻挡宁陵县的上访人员,不准进入省信访局上访,如果进了,要扣宁陵县政府形象分,扣多了,政府的县长要换地方工作。

赵某一看是我们这些输血感染艾滋病妇女人群,她赶紧到门口超市买来10瓶矿泉水。给大家降降温,她非常有礼貌,她把每一瓶矿泉水送到每一个人手里。

赵某说:“给你们上楼开房间,带空调。先歇一歇,走,你们上楼上房间里去。”

下午5点多了,大家跟着赵某上楼开房间了,安排在6楼一个带空调的房间里,有4个床位,大家先歇一会儿。

赵某说:“你们拿出一个总的意见,我好给我县信访局孟局长汇报,孟局长再给县委和政府主要领导汇报。我先回避一下,你们赶紧商量。” 大家最后统一了一个意见:

1、成人前期治疗8万元,精神赔偿是10万元.儿童前期治疗是8万元,精神赔偿是10万元。

2、成人每月生活费统一是1000元,儿童每月生活费是统一1200元。

3、以后有大病政府先支付费用。

4、追究当年医院和医生输血感染艾滋病的刑事责任。

大家把这个意见交给了赵某,让她交给政府。并给她说,政府想派人来接可以,但是必须在答应这些条件之后。

晚上8点多时,我县来人了,县卫生局的局长派来2个‘虾兵蟹将’,我们认为回去是不可能的。卫生局的工作人员说:“回去才能解决问题,不回去怎么解决问题?”

我们说:“明天,我们到省信访局填表以后再说,你们现在哪儿凉快上哪儿去”。

晚上8点30分我们到街上吃晚饭。吃过饭以后已经是晚上9点半了。

晚上睡到12点的时候,有人敲门。我问他们,他们不说。过了10分钟有又人敲门。

他们说:“我们是刘楼乡的,让张春现在回去。”我和张春被叫醒了,张秀还在睡。

我们让刘楼乡的工作人员进到屋里谈事。

我给他们说:“今天无论如何都不能让张春回家,现在已经进入下半夜了,司机来回开车太劳累,司机需要休息,你们来是乡政府派来的,不是自愿跑到郑州让张春回家的。”

我不同意让任何一个上访者后半夜回去,因宁陵县在2005年3月23日凌晨2点时在河南民权县高速公路上发生特大交通事故,豪华欧宝小轿车因行驶超速钻到大货车轮下,随后欧宝小轿车起火爆炸,里面有2名上访的老干部,3名局长,全部烧成一把灰。这就是宁陵县后半夜接上访的恶果。

详细内容:2005年3月23日今天零晨2点时在河南省民权县(我县的邻县)高速路上发生特大交通事故,小轿车爆炸。一辆“欧宝”小轿车与一辆同向行驶的大型火车追尾相撞,小轿车内5名人员无一幸存。今天凌晨2点时,由于有雾,能见度低,从郑州返回的宁陵县建筑安装有限公司二公司的一辆银白的“欧宝”小轿车,行至连霍高速公路民权县出站口西约 2 公里处时,追尾撞上了一辆大型货车的左后轮处,两车相碰的瞬间,车内突然摔出2名老干部上访人员,“欧宝”轿车突然起火爆炸,仅仅数分钟后,车内3名局长葬身大火中,大货车人员安然无恙。

小轿车的司机是宁陵县城建局局长刘玉亮,40岁,单位固定资产 2千多万元,“欧宝”小轿车是他的私人小轿车,在保险公司参加了80万人民币保险,还有人身保险,据当地的群众讲,保险公司最低赔偿给刘玉亮200万元人民币,他是宁陵县首富。车内有2名信访局的正副局长。

上省信访局上访的老干部一共有100多人,全部是八县一市的老干部,因工资太低,才统一到省信访局上访。这些老干部都是60多岁,他们是3月22日去的,省信访局要求八县一市的的县政府来一个副县长带头把这些老干部晚上12钟以前全部离开省信访局无论如何全部接回家。

2个老干部宁陵县政府和县委共同赔偿每人赔偿金是17万元人民币。

3个局长因公殉职每人都有国家赔偿。

老百姓说:“这些局长不为老百姓办实事,死了也不可怜,可怜的是2个老干部,因上访死亡,这是体制的问题,这些官员坐在豪华小轿车了,不办事实,死了,该死。

乡政府派来的工作人员开车来接张春,他们心里也不愿意来,如不来,乡长会开除他,这些乡里工作人员又解决不了张春的实际问题 。他们只会两头受气,也没有办法。今天晚上我不让张春走,这样不但保护了张春也保护了乡政府的工作人员,乡政府的人员开车过来太劳累。

2006年6月21日,早上, 省信访局大厅只开半扇门,门口有保安人员把守,手里有警棒。进里面不准带包, 我第一个跑进里面去的,让我丈夫在门口拿着我的提包等我,我包里面有很多的材料,我一但要材料,赶紧在门口给我,徐献礼和张娥也在里面了,其它人员都被乡政府的人拦住了,我赶紧找省信访局的工作人员,我给他们说,我们来了9个人,还有6个人不让进,工作人员说:“你赶紧叫她们去,我要点人数。” 我到省信访局大厅外面叫她们过来,但是都被乡政府拦住了,其中罗岗乡的于照玲被她乡政府的3名工作人员叫走了。每一次上访都有乡政府人员来接,上访人员有一个最大弱点是:乡政府给100元或200元的好处,连骗带吓,就都哄走了,所以上访一次一次不成功。

我和徐献礼以及张娥在大厅里我们填表,我需要什么资料,徐献礼到门口给我拿,我们在大厅里,我写了26个家庭因输血感染艾滋病的详细情况,又让徐献礼到大厅外面复印,我们办妥后已经是上午10点30分了,赶紧交表。

今天上午是星期三,省信访局门口停了30多辆,都是拦上访人员,河南一共有107个县,各县都有在郑州专门拦截上访者的人员,这些人员每月的开支,再加上驻北京的截访者,一个河南省每年总共需一千万人民币的费用。中国应该把信访撤掉,全国老百姓有问题全部找公检法部门解决,依法治理国家,依法服务人民,这样多好。

上午11点时省接访工作人员叫我们进入2名与里面工作人员谈问题。省信访局里保安人员把我和张秀领到一个办公室里谈宁陵县医院输血感染艾滋病问题。

工作人员说:“你们反映的问题我们也解决不了,这是走司法程序问题,该立案的还是找当地法院立案,今天你们来我们给你们当地政府写一封信函,回去交给信访局或宁陵县政府都可以。在90天内协商好处理问题,如果协商不好,你们再来,我们再给当地政府写信函,我们只能做督促工作,你们拿着信回去把。”

我们把26个家庭因输血感染艾滋病的资料给了他们。

90天,我们艾滋病人,有多少个90天可消耗的时间,艾滋病人不像健康人一样,没有时间等,如果长期下去艾滋病人都会变成疯子,或者走向另一个世界。

我们大家都走到一起说:高检没有用,高法没有用,省信访局也没有用,现在我们只有上省委了,找省委书记徐光春,让他来处理这些输血感染艾滋病不予立案的问题。 (博讯 boxun.com)

李喜阁:艾滋病病毒感染者的上访记(中)
(博讯2006年10月19日) 俗话说:天难,地难!上难,下难!那有上访难!

2006年6月2日,大家来到省委门口,有武警把门,他们让我们出示证明,我们说找省委书记谈艾滋病问题。武警用对讲机联系出来了一个警官。

这名男警官40多岁,穿一身标准警官服,又高又胖,比我高一头多。警官说:“你们都站在省委门口干什么?有什么事到省信访局反映。这个地方专门有人接待是告大队书记、乡镇书记、县委书记等违法乱纪的问题。你们是反映什么问题?”

我们是反映输血感染艾滋病的问题,当地法院不给立案,政府不赔偿。我们去过高院,我们去过省卫生厅,我们去过省信访局都不给解决问题。我的孩子已经死亡一年多了,政府不给处理,我这个小女儿 5 岁了,也是艾滋病。

警官说:“你们都是输血感染艾滋病的,你们来多少人,让我数一下,一共算上孩子是 8 个人,你们不要走动,你们都坐下,你们要为他人负责,对自己负责,你们离其它人远一点,不要传染给他人,你们说话要与别人远一点,防治空气传染,保护他人健康,保护自己健康,你们不要乱走动。”警官的声音像个大喇叭,在喊叫。吓得其他妇女都不敢与警官说理,坐在地下都不敢动了。

警官说完上省委大院里面去了,我们在门口坐着,有很多的人在看我们。这时乡政府的工作人员也来了。

10分钟后又警官从省委大院出来,给我们一个纸条,让我们去省卫生厅谈问题

我们说:“我们这些地方都去过,都不给解决问题,我的孩子死亡快 2 年了,省卫生厅不是司法部门,他们不能追究医生和医院的责任。我要告宁陵县县委、县政府、县卫生局、县防疫站等。”

警官大声说:“你只能告一个部门,你告谁?”

我说:“我告宁陵县县委书记,我的女儿死亡快 2年了,案件凭啥不给我处理。”

警官用眼看看我。他说:“你在这儿等一会儿。”片刻警官与省委一名工作人员出来了。

省委工作人员对商丘市信访局局长和宁陵信访工作人员说:“你们看一看,这么热的天,还有孩子才这么小,还有病,如果老百姓没有实际问题不会从那么远的路跑到省委门口。他们有实际问题才到这儿,要把这些人员安全送到家里,现在快12点了,到家也要3点,你们用专车送到宁陵县信访局里。要把她们的提出的实际问题,能解决的必须给人家解决。”

我们跟省委的工作人员说:“宁陵县政府一个周内不处理问题,我们还来。”

我们听了以后,决定回去,且必须3点钟之前到家,政府有人在宁陵县信访局等我们。也许大家听到政府想给解决问题的时候,心开始不齐了,开始盘算自己赔偿问题。

我到共用电话亭打了有10分钟电话以后,我县的感染者都走完了,她们是怎么走的,我都不知道,没有一个人给我打招呼。

我们全家坐邮政局专车走高速公路回家。2名司机轮换开,车开的非常快。我们到县信访局时正好是大家上班的时间3点整。我到信访局里,我县的感染者张春和王凤已经到县信访局。朱副县长到了,民政局局长到了,卫生局局长到了,公安局副局长到了,信访局孟局长也在。我们这些人都在等吕芝和徐献礼以及张秀。

我们大家等她们等到3点半,我们不再等了。副县长:“:我是刚来的,我姓朱,大家都互相不认识,昨天晚上听说你们在省里上访,县政府和县委主要领导都非常关心你们,临时又开了一个小会,还有孩子也跟的上访,我们担心小孩,这么小,天又这么热,都是病号。大家刚刚收完小麦,又去上访,以后再去上访给我说一声。先让民政局周局长说一说。”

县民政局周局说:

1 、孤儿是160元( 130元生活费,30元抚养费 )。

2 、单亲( 无论是父亲或母亲因血液感染艾滋病死亡的一方不在了) 每个儿童,每人每月是50元生活补贴。一直发到18周岁为止。

3、存活感染艾滋病人员是每月每人是 40 元,现在每个乡政府再40元的基础上增加60元,一共是100元生活费。春节期间每个感染艾滋病家庭是慰问金是100元,2个被子,1袋面粉。只要国家让感染艾滋病享受的,我们民政局一步到位。从来不欠感染艾滋病人员的生活费。

县卫生局李局说:

1、免费在县防疫站查HIV抗体。

2、 免费发放抗病毒药物,免费治疗机会性感染其他并发症。

3、免费发母婴阻断药。

4、感染艾滋病家庭的儿童免费上学。

5、 1年2次免费检查CD4。

县公安局翟副局说:现在她们都是依法上访,她们现在没有违法上访行为。现在都懂法律了。

朱副县长说:“你们有什么要求都说一说。”

1、 我说:成人每人前期治疗先付医疗费是8元,儿童每人付前期治疗费是8万元。我的长女孙迎晨是政府没有及时排查输血感染艾滋病人群,没有采取措施,我们给她查出 1天半死亡了。我们要求长女孙迎晨死亡赔偿是:抚养到9岁零2个月抚养费12万元,治疗费8万,精神赔偿8万元,我和小女儿都是艾滋病病人,一共是 44万元。以后有大病政府先垫付资金治疗。

2 、王凤说:家庭与家庭不一样,我自己感染艾滋病,我上面有父母,下面有4个孩子,丈夫因交通事故现在神经了,我要 80 万元。

3、张春说 :我们也有父母,也有2个孩子,我也要 80 万元.

4、 吕芝说:我有父母,也有害艾滋病的孩子,我的小女儿虽然没有鉴定死亡证明是艾滋病死亡的,我是艾滋病病毒携带者,我生的第一个孩子是艾滋病,那么肯定也是因艾滋病死亡的,我们也要 80 万元。

5、徐献礼:我的妻子是1995年在宁陵县做剖腹产手术输血感染艾滋病的,因政府没有排查,我也让妻子传染了艾滋病,我们也有父母,也有孩子,我们也要 80 万元。

6 、张娥说:我是2001年在宁陵县人民医院做手术输血感染艾滋病的,医院的医生在血库里提的袋装血液。张娥还没有说完。

卫生局局长李局说:宁陵县人民医院的血液都是从商丘市红十字血库拿的,我们专门到商丘市红十字血库查了一遍,那个人没有艾滋病,是健康人。

张娥说:那;我要求立案检查。

7、于照玲因乡政府的人员从省信访局直接把她叫回家了,只好让她送来材料再说。

朱副县长说:我总结今天大家的意见与昨天你们昨天晚上说的意见

①赔偿问题。1998年以后输血感染艾滋病追究医院的责任。②后期治疗问题。③生活费。

朱副县长说:我们河南一共有107个县,宁陵县经济发展财政收入是倒数第二,如果大家拿出一个总的意见。1998年以前输血感染艾滋病需要赔偿多少钱?1998年献血法颁布以后多少钱?都要几十万,政府没有这么多钱,你们要考虑实际解决问题。我们今天谈到这儿,我要马上汇报工作,你们都回去吧.

我走后,其它输血感染艾滋病的妇女又在信访局门口说事。到晚上有人给我打来电话说:大家都要几十万,政府要是给不起,怎么办?

我说:“先让政府给付前期治疗费是5.5万元,大家都不同意,等到下一个星期三大家再说吧!如果政府不给赔偿我们还到省省委门口找省委书记解决问题。”

2006 年6月30日,河南省高级法院在商丘市接访,早晨宁陵县10名输血感染艾滋病感染人员与家属一起到商丘市接访处上访。上午8点07分,此处已经有300多人了,有的人早上5点都来排队要表。这次接访是河南省高法第二次,上次是5月份,还是有很多的冤案,没有审理,没有受理,没有执行。这次接访与上次接访不同,这次接访是法院没有立案的。

我们赶紧到填表处要了2张表格,我们的号是102.106,前面已经有100多个人要走表格了。今天商丘市输血感染艾滋病的人也来上访,他叫侯某某,他的儿子在1995年在商丘市最好的医院人民医院动手术时输血感染艾滋病,这些不负责任的医生每月工资是1000多元人民币,没有查HIV抗体的血浆,就给这个孩子输了,感染艾滋病病毒。应该有报应,让这些制造艾滋病的医生的后代都害艾滋病。侯某只有这一个孩子,孩子现在已经16岁了,因艾滋病病毒发作让这个孩子无法上完中学中途退学了。侯某和妻子天天往法院跑,都不起作用。他:“我们要人民的法院干什么?”

还有商丘市柘城县的输血感染艾滋病者,也是上访的。

在这个门口有老人上访,有中年人上访,有年轻人上访,我的孩子也上访,年龄最大的上访者是70多岁,最小的可能是我的小女儿5岁。

在商丘市中级法院接待处,有10个办公室来接访人民上访,有的案件需要有省法院来处理交给省法院接访的工作人员来处理,需要商丘市中级法院来处理,交给商丘市法院处理,今天在商丘市中级法院大院里,商丘市八县一市的法院工作人员都来帮省高院大接访处理问题。我县法院的工作人员也在这儿帮着处理问题。

上午11点55分省法院的工作人员接访我们,但是只叫1名人员进去与高院反映不予立案的问题,大家让我去了,我把宁陵县26个家庭因医院输血感染艾滋病不予立案的材料拿过去,法警把我领到二楼民事诉讼厅让我与高法人员谈问题。

高法人员说:“输血是政府行为,当年政府没有管理好血液问题,我非常同情你们,你们是无辜的。但是法院不予立案,是这些问题交给了人民政府来处理问题。有政府提供药物,提供治疗,提供生活救助。” 本人说:“我们是因生孩子剖腹产在国家医院输血感染艾滋病的,我们的小孩子也是艾滋病,我的大孩子已死了,还是不给立案。”

高法人员说:“一府监管两院(人民政府监管人民法院和人民检察院),我们只能听人民政府安排,我们没有权利给你们立案。我让商丘市中级法院把你们这些材料转到宁陵县人民法院立案厅,你们到7月10日到宁陵县法院问一下就可以了,怎么处理你们的问题让宁陵县人民法院给你们解释。”

我从高法接待室出来了,我看一看豪华的办公大楼,每一个接待室都开着空调,这些官员手里拿2部手机,坐着豪华轿车,拿着国家的俸禄就是这样 为人民服务的?

那么,到北京卫生部上访又是什么样的情形呢?

2006年7月18日,我们第五次到国家卫生部上访,这次我们要求见高层人员谈:我们当地人民法院不给立案,政府不赔偿,我们还有几个明天?我们的孩子还有几个明天?

我们想到国家卫生部里面谈问题,但是门口有 5 名保安人员戴着白手套拦住我们的去路,这5名人员看着我自己,我县其它妇女都不敢说话。

我站在卫生部门口大喊:“高强部长,你给我出来,我的女儿因母婴传播感染艾滋病,他死的时候,你们拿着国家的俸禄在做什么?”我的喊声引来了20多人驻足围观。

于是,保安人员拨打了北京110。北京的110真快,过了5分钟过来一辆大警车,来了2名警员,1名司机,1名工作人员。他们来了以后,国家卫生部出来一名工作人员,工作人员简单与警员说了几句。

卫生部的工作人员有40多岁,他叫来一位年轻的秘书,让秘书带来上访反映问题的表格,我对秘书说:我已经填过4次了,我不填。

秘书说:你不填,怎么反映问题。我们大家在卫生部门口接待室还是填了表。秘书说:“你们星期四再到卫生部信访接待处再填一次。”

我们在门口与秘书反映问题时,卫生部的工作人员把我们填的表全部要走了,带回了卫生部。

我们离开国家卫生部时,已经上午12点40分了。我们就是这样被卫生部的官员们一次一次搪塞回去的。

我们这些妇女输血感染艾滋病是政府无法否定的,还把艾滋病病毒传染给了孩子或丈夫……我们因艾滋病,遭到社会歧视,家人抛弃,朋友的不理睬…… (博讯 boxun.com)

李喜阁:艾滋病病毒感染者的上访记(下)

(博讯2006年10月19日) 这些妇女是同病相怜走到一起来的,她们因无奈才走上了上访的漫漫长路,多次上访无果,令人深思。输血感染艾滋病的人,是世界上最无辜者。有关负责人员,那些在工作中应付、拖延、搪塞、压制者,如果这样的事情发生在你个人或亲属身上,你有何感想!世上人的良知何处去了?她们2006年7月18日第五次赴北京国家卫生部上访,结果却有三名妇女得到了“刑事拘留”的处理,引来一场“牢狱之灾”。

他们是否违法,请看李方平律师的调查:“无辜受害者”的“蒙冤入狱”记(李方平律师 博闻社 北京时间:2006 年07月31日20时14分 发布) (博讯 boxun.com)

2006年7月26日,李喜阁女士(因涉嫌聚众冲击国家机关罪于2006年7月20日被河南省宁陵县公安局刑事拘留)的丈夫孙建峰先生来北京委托我作为李喜阁的律师为其提供法律帮助。我简单听了孙先生的陈述后,觉得宜早不宜迟,当即决定连夜乘火车赶往河南商丘。

因为正值暑期,又行程仓促,且目的地是全国人口最多的省份——河南,我和同行律师经过一个没有座位的未眠之夜,7月 27日下午才风尘仆仆的赶到了河南省宁陵县公安局。依照外地办案的惯例,我们先到县公安局的法制室办理律师会见手续,接待我们的孟主任知道我们要会见李喜阁,马上告诉我们,“李喜阁案不涉及国家安全,你们直接找城关派出所吧。”好在宁陵县城不大,正当我们百思不得其解,还在想怎么不归口刑侦大队或是预审科承办时,很快就到了城关派出所。所值班室一位非常年轻的男警员,好像是刚毕业的警校学生,热情的帮我们找所领导。城关派出所的指导员林博警官是李喜阁案的负责人之一,他接收了我们递交的律师会见手续,并答复会在48小时内安排会见。

2006年7月28日九时,我们两位律师前往派出所找林博警官联系具体会见时间。林警官说: “已经请示过,争取安排今天下午或是明天早上”。直到下午五点,我们还没有得到确切的会见时间,只得再次赶过去落实。林警官确认会见就安排明天早上八点,届时法制室主任、他还有张科长会陪我们一起去。

2006年7月29日九时,张科长(兼城关派出所所长)、法制室主任和林博警官汇合一起,陪同我们两位律师到宁陵县看守所。会见前,宁陵县公安局卢体玲副局长(兼看守所所长)和律师先做了一番短暂的交流,大意是:其一,我们看守所第一次关押艾滋病感染者,条件和经验都有限;其二,如果李喜阁会见时情绪过于激动,考虑到她的身体原因,我们会视情终止会见。

九点半,我们终于见到了已被羁押10天之久的李喜阁。见面伊始,喜阁看到律师千里迢迢为她提供法律帮助,荡漾出她特有的灿烂笑容。尽管整个会见过程,张科长、林指导员和法制室主任都全程在场,但并没有给我们带来任何的压力。和外界关心喜阁的朋友一样,我们直奔主题,了解她能否按时、按量服用抗病毒药,是否受到任何形式的刑讯逼供。她的爽朗回答让我们的担心得以释怀。与喜阁的45分钟的会见,我们了解到李喜阁等九人到卫生部上访事件的因果脉络。

背景:

1、1986年法国艾滋污血事件震惊了整个世界,血液安全引起了国际社会广泛关注和各国政府高度重视。

2、1988年11月4日,我国卫生部等六部委颁布《艾滋病监测管理的若干规定》,该《规定》第十一条规定:血液和血液制品必须进行艾滋病病毒抗体监测。禁止艾滋病病毒感染者献人体组织、器官、血液和精液。

3、20世纪90年代中后期,河南省宁陵县妇幼保健院等医院的血液管理几乎完全失控,形成输血感染艾滋病毒的巨大隐患。

李喜阁等输血感染者漫漫上访长路:

此次到卫生部上访的李喜阁等九位宁陵县艾滋病感染者只是宁陵县 40余位输血感染艾滋病毒受害者的一部分。她们九人基本都是90年代中后期因分娩或上节育环时,在医院输血感染艾滋病毒的无辜受害者,其中还包括一位因母婴传播的5岁女童和另一位因性传播感染的男性配偶。

2003年前后,李喜阁等几十位妇女的未成年子女久病不愈,医院怀疑患有 艾滋病,经确诊后防疫站又对父母进行普查,陆续确诊李喜阁等妇女感染艾滋病毒。也有部分妇女是自己久病不愈被确诊感染艾滋病毒,防疫站在普查中也确认其配偶、子女感染。她们有过共同的经历,即都曾在公立医院住院,也在医师的动员下的输过血。

得知真相、有着共同遭遇的妇女们开始走到了一起。期间,她们单独或者共同无数次找宁陵县妇幼保健院、县卫生局、县信访局、县政府,总是石沉大海,要么推脱、要么逃避。向法院起诉却被告知 “上级有口头文件,凡血液感染艾滋病不予立案”,民事诉讼法被毫无理由的束之高阁。

以李喜阁女士为例,近三年来,她走上了漫漫上访之路,却徒见公文旅行,而问题依旧:

1、到商丘市人民政府上访,批转回宁陵县信访局解决,无果;

2、到商丘市人大常委会上访,批转回宁陵县人大解决,无果;

3、到河南省卫生厅上访,批转回商丘市卫生局解决,无果;

4、到河南省委、省政府上访,批转回宁陵县政府解决,无果;

5、到河南省人大常委会办公厅上访,批转回商丘市人大解决, 无果;

6 、到中华人民共和国卫生部上访,批转回宁陵县政府解决,无果;

从2005年7月26日到2006年7月18日,李喜阁她们已是第五次到卫生部反映宁陵县输血感染艾滋病受害者权益遭到侵害却久拖不决、而又日益紧迫的问题。

会见中,李喜阁女士回忆了2006年7月18日在卫生部上访的全过程。

问:你们到卫生部有什么具体行为?

答:“我到卫生部后,要求见部领导解决输血感染者赔偿不立案也得不到其它方式的解决,但保安阻止我进去,我生气就叫高部长出来见我们。全过程只有我一个人与保安交涉,其他感染者都没有与保安发生争执。我们根本没有冲击国家机关的行为,也没有阻挡卫生部的车辆进入。”

问:卫生部的工作人员是否报警了?

答:保安报警后,有110巡逻车过来了,一个警察、一个司机,他们就在旁边看,也没出示证件,也没有对我进行盘问,更没有把我们带离。

问:7月19日,你们为何还去卫生部?

答:7月18日晚上,县卫生局李局长发信息、打电话给我,要我明天去卫生部见面一起解决赔偿问题。 19日,我和其他感染者一起到了卫生部,接待处张处长接待了我们,说你们县委、县政府来人了,你们谈一谈再回去解决,并给我们安排中午盒饭。

李喜阁 女士还陈述:万万没有想到,县委、县政府说过来解决问题竟然是把感染者强行带回宁陵,而且于次日对三名妇女宣布刑事拘留。

与喜阁告别后,我依然思索良久,感慨万千。输血感染者是我们国家最无辜、最悲惨、最无奈的同胞,难道执政者 不能从人道的角度,站在 输血感染者的立场设身处地感受她们的永远述说不尽的悲哀和伤痛。

1、在公立医院自己掏钱接受治疗却遭此厄运,作为无辜受害者,她们内心是那样的悲愤;

2、在对艾滋病还极度恐惧的乡村社会里,一旦她们公开身份便会 遭到亲属、朋友、邻居的疏离,她和她的家庭在就业、就学、婚姻以及社区生活各方面饱受社会歧视;

3、她们为了找寻公道,无数次要求宁陵县妇幼保健医院、县卫生局赔偿和道歉,始终没有任何结果;

4、她们依法提起诉讼,却口头答复不予受理也不作出裁定,堵塞了她们寻求最后的司法救济;

5、 她们 经年累月的逐级反映,得到的结果仍然是静默无声的漫漫等待,而此时的她们不少人已经含冤而逝,或即将走完悲惨人生的尽头,或无望无助的在极其有限的有生之年继续挣扎;

6、当她们对哭诉无门的境遇悲愤抗争时,一切外部世界认为合理的宣泄,都可能带来她们非法拘禁、劳动教养甚或牢狱之灾。

艾滋病蔓延危机已经成为的严重的社会问题。感染者的切身感受是任何常人无法通过语言、文字得以体会,在世界抗击艾滋病运动中,感染者群体往往是最激进、行动能力最强的参与者。客观而言,李喜阁等输血感染者在卫生部上访的行为,总体上是和平、理性和克制的。我认为:从中央到地方各级政府应该要有足够的耐心去倾听输血感染者的诉求、给她们更多的关怀和包容。任何推卸责任、不设法解决问题,并对感染者和平表达诉求进行打压,动辄限制人身自由、劳动教养、构陷判刑的行为都是我们完全无法接受的。

2006年7月31日

下面请看:

李喜阁狱中日记(摘抄)

2006 年 8 月 2 日,今天是我们被关的第14天,我们两个人刚刚吃过晚餐时,看管犯人的警官喊王凤英的名字。警官说:“王凤英办案警官提审你。”

王凤英说:“下午提审时,该说的都说了,还要问啥?”

这是第二次提审她,她和看管犯人的警官到提审室去了。

今天上午我也被办案的警官提审过,但是我还是提出:如果政府不给解决问题的话,我还要继续上访,还要上法院要求立案.我们没有谈多久,我就回牢房了。我知道:在监狱里你有不说话的权力,有吃抗病毒药物的权力,还有看其它机会性感染病的权力,有看书的权力,还有请律师的权力,一共有9项权力.

过了半个小时王凤英回来了她说:“喜阁姐我走了,我.....,我也是取保候审。”

我说:“走吧,走出去还是比在监狱里强。”

王凤英走了以后。晚上已经7点了,监狱里的犯人都在唱歌<<学习雷锋好帮样>>、<<想家的时候>>、<<社会主义好,社会主义好>>、 <<没有共产党,就没有新中国>>。我非常熟悉这首歌,我上小学时都开始唱,每年的7.1建党节晚会都要唱这首歌.我听这首歌都听30年了。

从今天晚上起,我自己在一间牢房里,心里非常空虚.

张秀娥(女),在在2006年7月27日就离开了,是取保候审的,她走的时候对我和王凤英说:“饿死不做贼,屈死不上访.”她是在2001年4月份在宁陵县人民医院做手术时输血感染艾滋病的,2001年感染艾滋病都不立案,我们可想而知,法律已经不起做用了.

到了晚上9点以后,监狱大院里非常静。我心情不好,不知道什么时候我才能出去?我就给两个女儿各自写了一封信:

给大女儿(孙迎晨)在天堂的一封信

我那苦命的孩子:

你好吗?在天堂好吗?现在你没有生病吧!不会在像人世间那样天天打针吃药吧?

到2006年8月12日晚上12点15分都离开人世2年了,如果活在人时今年都11岁了.你是爸爸和妈妈的好女儿.

妈妈为了给你讨公道,在2006年7月18日上午到国家卫生部上访,反映几个问题 :

1 .河南宁陵县人民法院不给输血感染艾滋病的妇女立案(内部有上级口头文件:因血液感染艾滋病不予立案)。

2.宁陵县妇幼保健院从1993年到1999年长达7年私自违规采血输血,造成大量妇女输血感染艾滋病,管理部门渎职。

3.宁陵县10名母婴感染艾滋病儿童没有药物怎吗办?

妈妈是反映问题,没有想到我会因上访被关到大牢里。

你刚刚来到人世间的时侯,主刀大夫孙文玲为了血浆利益,给妈妈输血感染了艾滋病,因当年卫生局管理血液混乱,给很多妇女在医院治病时输血感染艾滋病.宁陵县妇幼保健院当年不但没有给妇女治好病,而是成了繁殖艾滋病基地,当年那些卫生官员和医生都长了一个3合1的心;狼心,狗心,黑心.当年卫生官员怎么管理的血液,这些卫生官员拿着国家的俸禄就这样管理血液的,难道不是当年妇幼保健院的妇产科大夫利用手中权力,给妇女大量输血,你会感染艾滋病吗?是这些人害死了你。

妈妈为了讨一个公道,妈妈受了很多苦,妈妈像一个疯女人一样天天找法院,找政府,找检察院,找卫生局,找妇幼保健院都没有用.妈妈到过市信访局和省信访局都没有用,妈妈这次到卫生部都是第五次了上访了.

妈妈和爸爸都非常伤心,妈妈和爸爸都非常痛苦,妈妈在监狱里每天晚上都哭泣。

我和你爸爸都没有本事的人,我和你爸爸太无能了.一直上访了2年都无结果,但是爸爸和妈妈还会继需上访.

你的奶奶因你的死去,天天哭,眼快哭瞎了。现在,你奶奶因伤心过度,头发全白了,耳朵也聋了。

你的爸爸现在头发也白了,像一个操劳过度的老头,你的爸爸为了照顾我和你的妹妹再也没有去上班.

自从你离开人世以后,打破了宁陵县长期隐瞒艾滋病的“黑幕”,因你的死亡,与其他人的死是不一样,爸爸和妈妈没有向任何人隐满你死亡的实事,不但你感染了艾滋病,而且妈妈和你的妹妹也感染了艾滋病.让我们全家陷入了长久的痛苦之中.

妈妈只要活在这个世上,那么有一口气,也要为你讨回公道,让法律还给我们一家3条人命的公道,将来既便妈妈走了,也有爸爸为你讨公道.

妈妈希望你在天堂幸福,健康快乐.妈妈将来出去了,我会到你那儿看望你的,我那苦命的女儿.妈妈和爸爸对不起你.

妈妈 李喜阁( HIV ) 2006 年 8 月 2 日 晚

给小女儿孙蔚林的一封信

我的好女儿小林林:

你好吗!你和爸爸在家好吗?在家还闹人吗?你每天晚上12点以后都哭,病毒都开时发作了,在家的时候,爸爸和妈妈看着你都痛哭,我和你爸爸那一会儿,恨不能拿着刀把孙文铃给杀了,掂着孙文铃的脑袋祭你的姐姐.

我抱着你上访都2年了,你从小到现在都没有离开过妈妈的身边,可这次我们母女却分开了,而且妈妈在牢房里,虽然我们母女都在一个县城,监狱离我们的家还不到2里地,但是我们母女无法相见.

你的姐姐在天堂,妈妈在监狱,我们母女3个人分别在3个不同的地方.

妈妈在监狱里很想你,你才5岁,也感染了艾滋病.妈妈很伤心,妈妈很痛苦.

妈妈给你和其它的孩子找儿童药物已经找了2年都无消息.

你太小了,妈妈为什么坐在监狱给你写信,你现在不懂.希望你将来会懂的.

你要听爸爸的话,爸爸会给找儿童药物,妈妈不知道什么才能出监狱?妈妈每天都想你.

如果妈妈过几天都出去了,妈妈还会继续给你和其他孩子找儿童药物.

如果妈妈这次真的出不去了,妈妈想给说,将来你不要走妈妈的路,我不希望你走维权的路,因为这条路非常艰难,妈妈受的苦太多了,妈妈一生都不幸福,妈妈小的时候是吃红薯面窝窝长大的,妈妈从小穿补丁衣服穿到25岁,但是妈妈从来没有生病过,妈妈很幸福,那时妈妈听歌都是听小广播在唱<<东方红>>长大的.那时候的人心眼都非常好,都非常善良.

而现在不一样了,发生很多变化,这种变化将来都会记载历史,我不知道我们母女谁先死,因你的小生命太脆弱了,现在暂时没有儿童药物,将来会有的,我不知道你能不能吃上儿童药物?还是个未知数.如果将来你用上儿童药物了,会有希望的,妈妈希望你将来学好历史,长大后研究历史.妈妈不希望你当官,因为中国的官员跟国家政治都有关系,今天叫你当官你就当,明天就有可能不让你当.你的爷爷和外公都是右派,虽然都平反了,都安排了工作,但是心灵伤害都是非常痛苦的.

我希望你将来好好研究中国的历史就可以了,不希望你当官员.平安是福.

妈妈每天在监狱里早上6点和晚上6点准时服抗病毒药物,早上7点准时吃早餐.上午12点准时吃午餐,晚上6点30分吃晚餐,每天都能吃好睡好,就是心里痛苦.晚上常常失眠,有时候晚上12点都睡不着.

妈妈白天有的时候站在门口,隔着铁门,铁门下面有一个小方口,小方口是每天用它给我送饭,我白天利用这个小方口给外面干活的犯人( 种菜,非常轻的活)讲艾滋病是怎么传播的,怎么预防艾滋病,感染了艾滋病怎么治疗.

妈妈一生都不会想到,讲艾滋病知识将到监狱里,让更多的人知道艾滋病是怎么传播的.

妈妈希望你将来幸福成长. 妈妈在监狱里非常想你想你

妈妈 李喜阁 ( HIV ) 2006年8月2日

河南省宁陵县输血感染艾滋病感染者 李喜阁

[陈光诚 Chen Guangcheng] Advocate for China’s Weak Crosses the Powerful

Du Bin for The New York Times
Chen Guangcheng, wearing sunglasses, in 2002 with a group of farmers with disabilities who were not being given required tax exemptions.

July 20, 2006
Advocate for China’s Weak Crosses the Powerful

By JOSEPH KAHN
BEIJING, July 19 — Only a few years ago, Chen Guangcheng, a blind man who taught himself the law, was hailed as a champion of peasant rights who symbolized China’s growing embrace of legal norms.

Mr. Chen helped other people with disabilities avoid illegal fees and taxes. He forced a paper mill to stop spewing toxic chemicals into his village’s river. The authorities in his home province, Shandong, considered him a propaganda coup and broadcast clips from his wedding ceremony on television.

All that changed last year, when he organized a rare class-action lawsuit against the local government for forcing peasants to have late-term abortions and be sterilized. Mr. Chen, 35, is now a symbol of something else: the tendency of Communist Party officials to use legal pretexts to crush dissent.

A court in Yinan County of Shandong Province is scheduled to hear charges as early as Thursday that Mr. Chen destroyed public property and gathered a crowd to block traffic. His lawyers argue that he would have had trouble committing those crimes even if he could see. At the time they were said to have occurred, he was being guarded day and night by a team of local officials.

His case is typical of efforts to punish lawyers, journalists and participants in environmental, health and religious groups who expose abuses or organize people in a manner officials consider threatening. Like Mr. Chen, they are often accused of fraud, illicit business practices or leaking state secrets, charges that do not reflect the political nature of their offenses.

“Local officials made Chen’s house into a jail and turned him into a prisoner long before he faced any charges,” said Li Jinsong, one of his lawyers. “Then they concocted charges so they could send him to an actual jail.”

The purview of Chinese law was broad enough to allow a self-taught peasant like Mr. Chen, dubbed a “barefoot lawyer,” to emerge from obscurity and help set some legal precedents in his home province. Since he got into trouble, Mr. Chen has relied on a network of scholars and lawyers in Beijing to defend him.

But the law does not protect those who offend the powerful. Local Communist Party officials control prosecutors and judges in their domains, and they can use the legal system to carry out political persecutions.

“China has advanced to the point that officials have to pay attention to the law,” said Teng Biao, a legal expert at the China University of Political Science and Law and a supporter of Mr. Chen. “But in some cases, they put a superficial legal cover on an essentially illegal action.”

Officials in Shandong declined to answer questions about Mr. Chen, saying they could not discuss a pending court case.

Nature dealt Mr. Chen his biggest challenge. He lost his sight after a childhood illness and did not attend school until he was 18. When he did go to school, he quickly encountered legal problems.

China’s government exempts the blind from taxes and fees. But Mr. Chen often did not receive such benefits, according to relatives who asked to remain anonymous because the authorities have threatened to punish them for speaking to reporters. Determined to realize his legal rights, he studied law on his own, recruiting his four older brothers to read legal texts to him.

In 1994 he went to Beijing to protest violations of laws protecting the handicapped. While there, he took action against the Beijing subway authority because attendants would not let him ride free. He got favorable media attention and free subway tokens after that.

Rakishly handsome in his dark glasses, he became a popular legal crusader. He handled cases against the local sanitation bureau, the police and the bureau of commerce. A paper factory that spewed noxious waste into a river near his home was forced to suspend operations, making him a local hero.

So when residents of his home village of Dongshigu were ensnared in a coercive birth control campaign last spring that appeared to violate national laws, they turned to Mr. Chen.

Officials in the city of Linyi, which has a population of more than 10 million and contains Dongshigu, forced thousands of residents to undergo abortions or sterilization, according to people supporting Mr. Chen who cited local documents to support their claims.

Such tactics, common in the early days of China’s strict population control policies 25 years ago, are now illegal. The law says the authorities can levy fines only against people who exceed birth quotas. But forceful measures remain pervasive, because failure to reach population control targets can end an official’s prospects for promotion.

Mr. Chen publicized the allegations as he prepared a class-action lawsuit. The problem received widespread attention in the international news media and was at least initially taken seriously in Beijing.

The National Family Planning and Population Commission investigated. It reported last September on its Web site that it had uncovered abuses in Linyi and that it had taken steps to punish officials there.

But that did not protect Mr. Chen, his family or his neighbors in Dongshigu from retaliation.

When Mr. Chen visited Beijing in September to seek legal help, Linyi officials tracked him down, bundled him into a car and drove him 400 miles back home, Mr. Chen’s lawyers said.

From then until his formal arrest in June, Mr. Chen was confined to his house or to a government-run hotel. His telephone line was cut. There is no provision in Chinese law for informal incarceration of this kind, his lawyers say.

Mr. Chen’s relatives and neighbors in Dongshigu say the authorities stationed up to 70 uniformed and plainclothes police officers or hired thugs in the village. The police prevented Mr. Chen and his supporters from communicating with the outside world. In a dozen different encounters, they beat lawyers and journalists who tried to enter the village, lawyers involved in such encounters said.

Supporters of Mr. Chen said that the local authorities had long intended to take legal action against him but that they had been stymied by the fact that he had not committed any crime. By June they at last announced the grounds for his arrest: destroying property and blocking traffic.

The first charge refers to a confrontation in February between Dongshigu residents and the uniformed and plainclothes police officers guarding Mr. Chen in his home. Villagers pushed a police van and two government cars into a gully. They said they were enraged that the officers, described as idling away the hours outside Mr. Chen’s home, declined to make one of their cars available to take an ailing woman to the hospital during the Lunar New Year holiday.

The indictment against Mr. Chen says he told people to damage the cars. Villagers say that he had no role in the clash and that he was not permitted to meet or talk to villagers at the time.

The second charge stems from an incident in March. Mr. Chen was described as distraught that a friend had been beaten by local officials. He demanded to talk to someone in charge. In a change of tactics, his guards let him visit the village party headquarters and then hail a car on the main road to take him to the county center.

Guards followed him to the road and helped him flag down cars, witnesses to the event said. They then took photographs of Mr. Chen in the roadway with cars stopped around him — which were used as evidence that he had blocked traffic, his lawyer said.

Such charges might appear easy enough to contest in court. But Mr. Chen’s lawyers face formidable obstacles.

Mr. Li and other lawyers helping Mr. Chen said they had received death threats when visiting Linyi, one of which Mr. Li recorded on his cellphone. He said the police had declined to investigate. Villagers say they have been warned not to appear as witnesses for Mr. Chen.

When Mr. Li tried to enter the village early this month to take depositions, he said, he was surrounded by thugs. They told him to leave the area. When he refused, they pushed his car into a ditch and rolled it onto its roof. Mr. Li and a fellow lawyer were lightly injured. Much of the confrontation was captured surreptitiously on videotape by a supporter of Mr. Chen.

“We can hardly have high expectations of a fair trial,” says Mr. Teng, the legal scholar, “when criminals are in charge of the law.”


http://www.nytimes.com/2006/07/20/world/asia/20blind.html?ex=1174190400&en=5a22a4826b6ee55e&ei=5070

Seeking a Public Voice on China's 'Angry River' [December 26, 2005]


Du Bin for The New York Times
Guan Fullin, lefr, with her daughter Li Mei by the Nu in Xiaoshaba.


December 26, 2005
Rule by Law
Seeking a Public Voice on China's 'Angry River'

By JIM YARDLEY
XIAOSHABA, China - Far from the pulsing cities that symbolize modern China, this tiny hillside village of crude peasant houses seems disconnected from this century and the last. But follow a dirt path past a snarling watchdog, sidestep the chickens and ducks, and a small clearing on the banks of the Nu River reveals a dusty slab of concrete lying in a rotting pumpkin patch.

The innocuous concrete block is also a symbol, of a struggle over law that touches every corner of the country.

The block marks the spot on the Nu River where officials here in Yunnan Province want to begin building one of the biggest dam projects in the world. The project would produce more electricity than even the mighty Three Gorges Dam but would also threaten a region considered an ecological treasure. This village would be the first place to disappear.

For decades, the ruling Communist Party has rammed through such projects by fiat. But the Nu River proposal, already delayed for more than a year, is now unexpectedly presenting the Chinese government with a quandary of its own making: will it abide by its own laws?

A coalition led by Chinese environmental groups is urging the central government to hold open hearings and make public a secret report on the Nu dams before making a final decision. In a country where people cannot challenge decisions by their leaders, such public participation is a fairly radical idea. But the groups argue that new environmental laws grant exactly that right.

"This is the case to set a precedent," said Ma Jun, an environmental consultant in Beijing. "For the first time, there is a legal basis for public participation. If it happens, it would be a major step forward."

China's leaders often embrace the concept of rule of law, if leaving open how they choose to define it. For many people in China's fledgling "civil society" - environmentalists, journalists, lawyers, academics and others - the law has become a tool to promote environmental protection and to try to expand the rights of individuals in an authoritarian political system.

But trying to invoke the law is risky. Chinese nongovernmental organizations, few of which existed a decade ago, have taken up the Nu as a major cause. But the activism on the Nu and other issues has provoked deep suspicions by the Communist Party even as a broader clampdown against such NGO's has forced some to shut down. The government knows China has a drastic pollution problem and has passed new environmental laws. But top leaders also demand high economic growth and need to increase energy supplies to get it. The "green laws" are becoming a crucible to test which side will prevail and whether ordinary people can take part in the process.

The closed process that led to the Three Gorges Dam is what opponents of the Nu dams most want to avoid. In the late 1980's, a wide range of intellectuals and others tried in vain to force public hearings to discuss the environmental and social costs of a project that has flooded a vast region and forced huge relocations. Ultimately, opponents could only muster a symbolic victory as the final vote in the National People's Congress included an unusually high number of abstentions or nay votes.

The central government is still deliberating how to proceed on the Nu. Domestic media coverage has been banned in recent months. Three central government ministries refused interview requests, as did provincial officials in Yunnan. Local officials along the Nu River, after initially agreeing to an interview, failed to reply to a list of written questions.

Out in the jagged mountains along China's remote southwestern border, villagers in Xiaoshaba gather information about their future from rumors. In early December, a team of surveyors inventoried property and measured the narrow terrace of village farmland along the Nu. Several villagers say local officials have told them that everyone would be relocated around the upcoming Lunar New Year holiday, which ends in early February - even if the dams have not yet been approved.

"If they tell me to move," said one villager, Zhang Jianhua, "I have no other choice."

A Legal Reprieve

In the spring of 2003, a slender, studious man named Yu Xiaogang learned that the hydropower industry was eyeing the rivers of southwestern China. Mr. Yu, an environmental resources manager, knew that China believed that hydropower was a cleaner alternative for its energy shortages and that the Nu was considered one of the country's richest, untapped resources. But he and others believed that the Nu would be untouchable.

The Nu, which translates as Angry River, roars out of the Tibetan Plateau east of the Himalayas and plunges through steep canyons just inside the border with Myanmar, formerly Burma, as it careers south before crossing the border.

In China, it passes through a mountainous region with more than 7,000 species of plants and 80 rare or endangered animals and fish. Unesco said the region "may be the most biologically diverse temperate ecosystem in the world" and designated it a World Heritage Site in the summer of 2003.

"We were very happy because we thought the Nu would be protected and would have no problems," said Mr. Yu, who also led Green Watershed, an environmental NGO.

But not long after the World Heritage designation, a state-run provincial newspaper announced that a public-private consortium planned to build 13 dams on the river. The project would be the largest cascade dam system in the world, and it appeared politically unstoppable.

The majority partner, the China Huadian Corporation, was a state-owned goliath; the local government was a minority partner. In Beijing, the State Development and Reform Commission, a powerful government ministry, had approved the dams in August and planned to present the plan to the State Council, or the Chinese cabinet, for final approval. Construction would begin in September 2003.

The environmental community was blindsided. More than 50,000 people, most of them from ethnic minority hill tribes, would be relocated. The Nu also was one of only two free flowing rivers in China. The State Environmental Protection Administration, or SEPA, the country's environmental watchdog, criticized the project in its official newspaper. But SEPA was considered one of the weakest ministries in the central government.

Then, a snag arose - a bureaucratic delay, hardly uncommon in China. August became September and the proposal had not yet been presented for final approval. During the delay, a new environmental law took effect on Sept. 1. Based on an American model, the China Environmental Impact Assessment Law required comprehensive environmental reviews in the planning stages of major public and private development projects.

Decades of relentless economic growth had left China with dire pollution problems and squandered natural resources. President Hu Jintao had made "sustainable development" a new government mantra. The assessment law gave the environmental agency new powers to handle and approve environmental reviews before a project was approved. It also called for public participation, including hearings, as part of the review, though it did not detail specific guidelines.

But it would take public pressure to force action on the Nu case. Despite its uniqueness and natural beauty, the Nu was not well known, largely because of its isolated location.

In September 2003, an environmental conference in Beijing brought together academics, government environmental officials and NGO's to discuss the Nu. A month later, Pan Yue, the outspoken vice minister of the environmental agency, organized China's first "Green Forum," a public relations event that included Chinese music and film stars.

One person at the forum was a woman named Wang Yongchen, a member of Green Earth Volunteers, an environmental NGO in Beijing. Initially, the Green Earth Volunteers had concentrated on tree planting and teaching children about the environment. But in recent years, the group had participated in efforts to stop a dam proposal in Sichuan Province.

At the forum, Ms. Wang persuaded 62 celebrities and film stars to sign a petition in support of "natural" rivers. She would later donate money to build 30 libraries in poor villages along the Nu.

By early 2004, the controversy had attracted worldwide interest as 60 international organizations agreed to lobby the Chinese government about the Nu. Hundreds of volunteers in China called Unesco to protest the dam proposal. The country's most prominent NGO, Friends of Nature, embraced the cause, while an environmental group in Sichuan collected more than 10,000 signatures to stop the project.

But the crucial factor was the Sept. 1 law. As the project appeared to be nearing approval, biologists, academics and environmentalists all argued that the government had not properly conducted an environmental review.

In late winter, as Ms. Wang guided a tour of Chinese journalists, her cellphone rang. A friend informed her that Prime Minister Wen Jiabao had temporarily suspended the project so that it could be "carefully discussed and decided on scientifically."

Ms. Wang began to cry with joy. Later, some Chinese newspapers speculated that Mr. Wen's edict meant that the project was dead.

Mr. Yu thought otherwise.

"I thought this was the first success of public participation," he said. "But I did not think the decision was final."

Opening a Closed Process

Located a short drive from the city of Liuku, Xiaoshaba is like countless poor villages along the Nu. Peasants live in crude homes, some under the same roof as their livestock and chickens. Some villagers have never gone farther than Liuku; some have never left the village. But on a May afternoon in 2004, a bus arrived. Inside was Yu Xiaogang, and he wanted to take villagers on a trip.

The prime minister's order to suspend the project had stunned developers and provincial officials. A delegation had hurried to Beijing to try to restart the process. At the same time, the government's environmental agency focused on the assessment review.

Mr. Yu was anxious to get villagers involved because the law had highlighted public participation. Most villagers knew nothing about the project or how it would change their lives.

"I thought we must let the Nu River people have their voice," Mr. Yu said.

So he offered to take a small group of villagers to the site of the Manwan Dam on the upper reaches of Mekong River in the southern Yunnan. In 2002, Mr. Yu had written an assessment of the social costs of the Manwan project, a report later endorsed by the prime minister at the time, Zhu Rongji. Leaving from Xiaoshaba, Mr. Yu took 14 peasants on a daylong journey to the Manwan, where they found many people living as scavengers.

"They heard how the government made promises but didn't follow through," Mr. Yu said. "Ten years later, nobody cared about them. The Nu River people were shocked."

Mr. Yu later led a small group of peasants to a Beijing hydropower conference jointly sponsored by the United Nations and China's National Development and Reform Commission. As several speakers extolled the virtues of dams, the dusty group of peasants sat in the upper reaches of the auditorium. Mr. Yu was allowed to speak at a sub-session of the conference. The villagers had practiced giving speeches but were not granted a speaking slot.

Meanwhile, momentum seemed to be shifting in favor of dam supporters. Prime Minister Wen had visited Yunnan to confer with provincial officials. Two prominent scholars toured the Nu - on a trip sponsored by dam developers - and attracted wide public attention by attacking the environmentalists.

But that criticism was insignificant compared to a broader governmental crackdown under way against nongovernmental organizations.

In the spring of this year, President Hu ordered an intensive examination of NGO's because of concerns of the role that environmental groups had played in helping to topple governments in Central Asia. In a secret speech to top officials, Mr. Hu warned that the United States was using such groups to try to foment social unrest.

Before, NGO's had hoped that onerous licensing restrictions were about to be repealed. Instead, environmental groups and other NGO's across the country were closely scrutinized, with some losing their licenses. Some groups began to fear that the "legal space" granted to the civil society would be tightened, or closed.

In Yunnan, officials began to pressure opponents. Mr. Yu would not comment about whether he had come under pressure. But acquaintances say he that has been forbidden from traveling to international conferences and that officials have put pressure on him.

In Beijing, the environmental assessment report was finished by this summer. But the Ministry of Water Resources, noting that government reports about international rivers were considered proprietary information, declared a small section of the assessment to be a state secret and forbade its release.

Dam opponents said the section could remain secret but argued that publicizing the rest of the report was essential for public discussion of the project. The government still had not outlined the potential environmental risks or explained what would happen to relocated villagers.

So on Aug. 31, opponents mailed a letter to the State Council and later posted it on the Internet. It cited Chinese law and said any decision without public participation "lacks public support and cannot tolerate history's scrutiny."

Nearly four months later, the government had not responded.

An Uncertain Future

A traffic sign on the narrow, unpaved road that passes through Xiaoshaba carries a propaganda message: "A Model Village for Democratic Rule of Law." A short walk away, beside the concrete block marking the proposed first dam, Guan Fulin, 55, said she had spoken to the surveyors who measured the village land in early December.

"The officials told us it is definitely going to happen," Mrs. Guan said. She trusted that the government would take care of her but admitted that she did not yet know how she would be compensated or where she would go. Pointing to the village, she said, "All these people will be moving."

If so, it would likely signal the start of a hydropower gold rush in Yunnan Province. One study estimated that China might build enough new dams, most of them in Yunnan, to double its hydroelectric output in the next five years. One plan would inundate one of the most popular tourist attractions in China - Tiger Leaping Gorge.

Part of the frenzied hydropower development is driven by the thirst for new energy supplies. But part of it is caused by the breakup of the state monopoly that once controlled electrical generation in China. That breakup left regional state-owned energy giants who were each assigned "assets" - like rivers or coal deposits. Each faces competitive pressures to develop new power plants quickly in order to claim market share.

Mr. Ma, the environmental consultant in Beijing, said environmentalists understood that China faced a complex challenge in developing new energy sources even as it must reduce pollution. But he said this intense pressure to develop was why laws that provide oversight and public review must serve as safeguards.

"Before the Nu River proposal, you would hear about opposition to certain projects," Mr. Ma said. "But it was all based on the tremendous courage of individuals. This time, we see progress in Chinese law that makes it possible for a more systemic challenge."

He added: "There is now more awareness of environmental rights and the rights of people as citizens. For such a major problem, they believe they have the right to know about it and at least have their views heard."

The dispute over the Nu seems at a standstill. Ultimately, the decision on holding hearings may fall to the prime minister. Earlier this year, Unesco issued a statement expressing its "gravest concerns" about the potential damage to the World Heritage Site. In October, environmentalists boycotted a dam conference linked to the National Reform and Development Commission. Organizers had promised to show parts of the assessment report, but environmentalists believed it was an effort to avoid full public hearings.

Ms. Wang, of the NGO Green Earth Volunteers, described the dilemma in simple terms.

"If the law is not enforced, what shall we do?" she asked. "We have this law. Why doesn't this law work?"

http://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/26/international/asia/26china.html?ei=5070&en=61836ab3a42ed9ba&ex=1174190400&pagewanted=print

Legal Gadfly Bites Hard, and Beijing Slaps Him [December 13, 2005]




Miranda Mimi Kuo for The New York Times

Gao Zhisheng, now in hiding in northern China, has made a career of using the legal system to promote human rights and combat official malfeasance.

Gao Zhisheng, right, an aggressive lawyer harassed by Beijing, in a secret location in northern China.

Rule by Law | The Limit-Tester
Legal Gadfly Bites Hard, and Beijing Slaps Him

By JOSEPH KAHN
BEIJING, Dec. 12 - One November morning, the Beijing Judicial Bureau convened a hearing on its decree that one of China's best-known law firms must shut down for a year because it failed to file a change of address form when it moved offices.

The same morning, Gao Zhisheng, the firm's founder and star litigator, was 1,800 miles away in Xinjiang, in the remote west. He skipped what he called the "absurd and corrupt" hearing so he could rally members of an underground Christian church to sue China's secret police.

"I can't guarantee that you will win the lawsuit - in fact you will almost certainly lose," Mr. Gao told one church member who had been detained in a raid. "But I warn you that if you are too timid to confront their barbaric behavior, you will be completely defeated."

The advice could well summarize Mr. Gao's own fateful clash with the authorities. Bold, brusque and often roused to fiery indignation, Mr. Gao, 41, is one of a handful of self-proclaimed legal "rights defenders."

He travels the country filing lawsuits over corruption, land seizures, police abuses and religious freedom. His opponent is usually the same: the ruling Communist Party.

Now, the party has told him to cease and desist. The order to suspend his firm's operating license was expanded last week to include his personal permit to practice law. The authorities threatened to confiscate it by force if Mr. Gao fails to hand it over voluntarily by Wednesday.

Secret police now watch his home and follow him wherever he goes, he says.

He has become the most prominent in a string of outspoken lawyers facing persecution. One was jailed this summer while helping clients appeal the confiscation of their oil wells. A second was driven into exile last spring after he zealously defended a third lawyer, who was convicted of leaking state secrets.

Together, they have effectively put the rule of law itself on trial, with lawyers often acting as both plaintiffs and defendants.

"People across this country are awakening to their rights and seizing on the promise of the law," Mr. Gao says. "But you cannot be a rights lawyer in this country without becoming a rights case yourself."

Ordinary citizens in fact have embraced the law as eagerly as they have welcomed another Western-inspired import, capitalism. The number of civil cases heard last year hit 4.3 million, up 30 percent in five years, and lawyers have encouraged the notion that the courts can hold anyone, even party bosses, responsible for their actions.

Chinese leaders do not discourage such ideas, entirely. They need the law to check corruption and to persuade the outside world that China is not governed by the whims of party leaders.

But the officials draw the line at any fundamental challenge to their monopoly on power.

Judges take orders from party-controlled trial committees. Lawyers operate more autonomously but often face criminal prosecution if they stir up public disorder or disclose details about legal matters that the party deems secret.

The struggle of Mr. Gao and others like him may well determine whether China's legal system evolves from its subordinate role into something grander, an independent force that can curtail abuses of power at all levels and, ultimately, protect the rights of individuals against the state.

"We have all tried to shine sunlight on the abuses in the system," says Li Heping, another Beijing-based lawyer who has accepted political cases. "Gao has his own special style. He is fearless. And he knows the law."

An Air of Authority

Mr. Gao can cite chapter and verse of China's legal code, having committed it to memory in intensive self-study. He is an army veteran and a longtime member of the Communist Party.

On a recent trip to rural Shaanxi Province, where he sneaked into a coal mine to gather evidence in a lawsuit against mine owners, he wore a crisp white shirt and tie and shiny black loafers, as if preparing for a day in court.

He is also a flagrant dissident. Tall and big-boned, he has the booming voice of a person used to commanding a room. When he holds forth, it is often on the evils of one-party rule. "Barbaric" and "reactionary" are his favorite adjectives for describing party leaders.

"Most officials in China are basically mafia bosses who use extreme barbaric methods to terrorize the people and keep them from using the law to protect their rights," Mr. Gao wrote on one essay that circulated widely on the Web this fall.

After an early career that racked up notable courtroom victories, he has plunged headlong into cases that he knows are unwinnable. He has done pro bono work for members of the Falun Gong religious sect, displaced homeowners, underground Christians, fellow lawyers and democracy activists. When the courts reject his filings, as they often do, he uses the Internet to rally public opinion.

His fevered assaults have a messianic ring. But although he became a Christian this fall and began attending services in an underground church, the motivation to pursue the most sensitive cases - and put his practice and possibly his freedom at risk - began a couple of years earlier. It was then that his idealistic beginnings as a peasant boy turned big-city lawyer gave way to simmering rage.

Mr. Gao was born in a cave. His family lived in a mud-walled home dug out of a hillside in the loess plateau in Shaanxi Province, in northwestern China. His father died at age 40. For years the boy climbed into bed at dusk because his family could not afford oil for its lamp, he recalled.

Nor could they pay for elementary school for Mr. Gao and his six siblings. But he said he listened outside the classroom window. Later, with the help of an uncle, he attended junior high and became adept enough at reading and writing to achieve what was then his dream: to join the People's Liberation Army.

Stationed at a base in Kashgar, in Xinjiang region, he received a secondary-school education and became a party member. But his fate changed even more decisively after he left the service and began working as a food vendor. One day in 1991 he browsed a newspaper used to wrap a bundle of garlic. He spotted an article that mentioned a plan by Deng Xiaoping, then China's paramount leader, to train 150,000 new lawyers and develop the legal system.

"Deng said China must be governed by law," Mr. Gao said. "I believed him."

He scraped together the funds to take a self-taught course on the law. The course mostly required a prodigious memory for titles and clauses, which he had. He passed the tests easily. Anticipating a future as a public figure, he took walks in the early morning light, pretending fields of wheat were auditoriums full of important officials. He delivered full-throated lectures to quivering stalks.

By the late 1990's, though based in remote Xinjiang, he developed a winning reputation. He represented the family of a boy who sank into a coma when a doctor mistakenly gave him an intravenous dose of ethanol. He won a $100,000 payout, then a headline-generating sum, in a case involving a boy who had lost his hearing in a botched operation.

He also won a lawsuit on behalf of a private businessman in Xinjiang. The entrepreneur had taken control of a troubled state-owned company, but a district government used force to reclaim it after the businessmen turned it into a profit-making entity. China's highest court backed the businessman and Mr. Gao.

"It felt like a golden age," he said, "when the law seemed to have real power."

That optimism did not last long. His victory in the privatization case made him a target of local leaders in Xinjiang, who warned clients and court officials to shun him, he said. He moved to Beijing in 2000 and set up a new practice with half a dozen lawyers. But he said he felt like an outsider in the capital, battling an impenetrable bureaucracy.

The Beijing Judicial Bureau, an administrative agency that has supervisory authority over law firms registered in the capital, charged high fees and often interfered in what he considered his private business.

One of his first big cases in Beijing involved a client who had his home confiscated for a building project connected with the 2008 Summer Olympics. Like many residents of inner-city courtyard homes, his client received what he considered paltry compensation to make way for developers.

When Mr. Gao attempted to file a lawsuit on his client's behalf, he was handed an internal document drafted by the central government that instructed all district courts to reject cases involving such land disputes. "It was a blatantly illegal document, but every court in Beijing blindly obeyed it," he said.

In the spring of 2003, Beijing was panicking about the spread of SARS, a sometimes fatal respiratory affliction, and Mr. Gao was fuming about forced removals. He gave an interview to a reporter for The China Economic Times arguing that SARS was much less scary than collusion between officials and developers.

"The law is designed precisely to resolve these sorts of competing interests," he said in that interview. "But their orders strip away the original logic of the law and make it a pawn of the powerful and the corrupt."

An Empty Promise

Mr. Gao is not the first lawyer to test China's commitment to the law. Even in the earliest days of market-oriented economic reforms, when the legal system was still a hollow shell, a few defense lawyers quixotically challenged the ruling party to respect international legal norms.

One such advocate is Zhang Sizhi, a dean of defense lawyers, who has accepted dozens of long-shot cases that he views as advancing the law. He defended Jiang Qing, Mao's wife, when she faced trial after the Cultural Revolution. He also represented Wei Jingsheng, perhaps China's best-known dissident.

Mr. Zhang argues that lawyers have prodded the party to develop a more impartial judiciary. But, he says, they must do so with small, carefully calibrated jolts of legal pressure.

"The system is improving incrementally," he said. "If you go too far, you will only hurt the chances of legal reform, as well as the interests of your client."

That view may reflect a consensus among seasoned legal scholars. But Mr. Gao is 37 years younger than Mr. Zhang, far less patient, and after his initial burst of idealism, deeply cynical.

If Mr. Zhang's benchmark for progress is that every criminal suspect has the right to a legal defense, Mr. Gao's became the 1989 Administrative Procedure Law, which for the first time gave Chinese citizens the right to sue state agencies. By his reckoning, it remains an empty promise.

"The leaders of China see no other purpose for the law but to protect and disguise their own power," Mr. Gao said. "As a lawyer, my goal is to turn their charade into a reality."

Following his defeat in the Beijing land dispute he plunged into the biggest land case he could find, a prolonged battle over hundreds of acres of farmland that Guangdong Province had seized to construct a university. Legally, he hit another brick wall. But he fired off scores of angry missives about the "brazen murderous schemes" of Guangdong officials. The storm of public anger he helped stir up got his clients more generous compensation.

Mr. Gao said he was told later that the party secretary of Guangdong, Zhang Dejiang, had labeled him a mingyun fenzi, a dangerous man on a mission. "He was right," Mr. Gao said.

This summer, a fellow lawyer-activist named Zhu Jiuhu was detained for "disturbing public order" while representing private investors in oil wells that were seized by the government in Shaanxi, Mr. Gao's home province.

Mr. Gao rushed to Mr. Zhu's defense with fellow lawyers, local journalists and tape recorders. He camped out in local government offices until officials agreed to meet him. He told one party boss that "he would forever be on the wrong side of the law and on the wrong side of the conscience of the people" unless he let Mr. Zhu go, according to a recording of the conversation.

After the intensive publicity campaign, Mr. Zhu was freed this fall, though under a highly restrictive bail arrangement that prevents him from practicing law.

Most provocatively, Mr. Gao has defended adherents of Falun Gong, a quasi-Buddhist religious sect that the party outlawed as a major threat to national security in 1999.

Mr. Gao has been blocked from filing lawsuits on behalf of Falun Gong members. But in open letters to the leadership, he said the secret police had tortured sect members to make them renounce Falun Gong. He described a police-run, extra-judicial "brainwashing base" where, he said, one client was first starved and then force-fed until he threw up. Another of his Falun Gong clients, he says, was raped while in police custody.

"These calamitous deeds did not begin with the two of you," he wrote in a letter addressed to President Hu Jintao and Prime Minister Wen Jiabao. "But they have continued under your political watch, and it is a crime that you have not stopped them."

The Police Circle

The crackdown came first as a courtesy call.

Two men wearing suit jackets and ties, having set up an appointment, visited his office. They identified themselves as agents of State Security, the internal secret police, but mostly made small talk until one of them mentioned the open letter Mr. Gao had written on Falun Gong.

"They suggested that Falun Gong was more of a political issue than a legal issue and maybe it was best left to the politicians," Mr. Gao recalled. "They were very polite."

When they prepared to leave, however, one of them said, "You must be proud of what you have achieved as a lawyer after your self-study. Certainly you must be worried should something happen to derail that."

Mr. Gao said he talked to his wife and considered the future of his two children. He wondered whether he could still afford his Beijing apartment and his car if his business collapsed.

"Anyone who says he does not consider this kind of pressure is lying," Mr. Gao said. "But I also felt more than ever that I was putting pressure on this reactionary system. I did not want to give that up."

His resistance hardened. The Beijing Judicial Bureau handed him a list of cases and clients that were off limits, including Falun Gong, the Shaanxi oil case and a recent incident of political unrest in Taishi, a village in Guangdong. He refused to drop any of them, arguing that the bureau had no legal authority to dictate what cases he accepts or rejects.

This fall, he said, security agents have followed him constantly. He said his apartment courtyard has become a "plainclothes policeman's club," with up to 20 officers stationed outside. He and his wife bring them hot water on cold nights.

On Nov. 4, shortly after being warned to retract a second open letter about his Falun Gong cases, Mr. Gao received a new summons from the judicial bureau.

This time, the bureau provided a written notice that said it had conducted routine inspections of 58 law firms in Beijing. Mr. Gao's, it was discovered, had moved offices and failed to promptly register the new address, which it called a serious violation of the Law on Managing the Registration of Law Firms. He was ordered to suspend operations for a year.

When the requisite public hearing was held, Mr. Gao sent two lawyers to represent him. But he boarded a plane for Xinjiang, where he had a medical case pending and where he wanted to inquire about abuses against members of an underground Christian church.

The edict was not only not overturned after the hearing, it was broadened. By late November, the bureau issued a new notice demanding that Mr. Gao hand over his personal law license as well as his firm's operating permit. Both had to be in the hands of the bureau by Dec. 14. The authority would otherwise "use force according to law to carry it out."

When he received that second order, Mr. Gao had escaped his police tail and traveled to a location in northern China that he asked to keep secret. He was conducting a new investigation into torture of Falun Gong adherents. A steady stream of sect members visited him in the ramshackle apartment he is using as a safe house. He tries to meet at least four each day, taking their stories down long hand.

"I'm not sure how much time I have left to conduct my work," Mr. Gao said. "But I will use every minute to expose the barbaric tactics of our leadership."

http://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/13/international/asia/13lawyer.html?ei=5070&en=4b7de40d9df45c05&ex=1174190400&pagewanted=print

高耀洁在华盛顿:中国非法血库仍在运作

2007.03.14
高耀洁在华盛顿:电邮被封,中国非法血库仍在运作

正在美国首都华盛顿准备参加一个颁奖典礼的中国河南“民间抗艾第一人”高耀洁医生在14号上午的记者会上披露,她的电邮现已被封,而且现在在中国仍然有地下血库在非法采血、卖血。她还感谢美国国会参议员希拉里-克林顿以及美国国务院为争取她来美国作出的努力,不过她对自己回到中国后的前景感到担心。自由亚洲电台记者申铧参加了记者会并发来以下报道。

听报道 http://www.rfa.org/service/audio_popup.html
下载声音文件 http://www.rfa.org/mandarin/shenrubaodao/2007/03/14/m0314-lh.mp3

美国保护世界妇女权益的组织“重要之声环球合作伙伴关系”将在14号华盛顿时间晚上召开“2007环球领导奖”颁奖典礼。一共有8人将获此殊荣,他们分别来自印度、苏丹、孟加拉、危地马拉以及中国。来自中国的四位妇女代表将集体获得“2007环球领导奖”下面的“人权奖”,她们是河南享有“民间抗艾第一人”的高耀洁医生、北京大学法学院妇女法律研究与服务中心主任郭建梅、北京红枫妇女心理咨询服务中心创办人王行娟以及《农家女百事通》杂志主编谢丽华。

今年80高龄的退休医生高耀洁之所以获奖,是因为她在1996年在河南发现了第一例因为输血感染艾滋病的病例,并在此后的10多年里,不辞辛劳地用自己的积蓄帮助艾滋病人、宣传艾滋病知识、公布血液传染艾滋病的真相。

官方血库是表面关闭,地下血库不但没关闭还增加了。像贵州25个县卖血,最近发现广东有人都卖过十年的血,而且是夜里12点到早晨6点卖血。

高耀洁

由于高耀洁医生为了能来美国领奖在中国遭遇了颇多挫折,再加上艾滋病在中国仍然具有敏感性,所以高耀洁成为记者会上最受记者关注的人物。她首先对美国方面为了她能够成功来美领奖作出的努力表示了感谢:

“我能够出来站在这里跟大家说话,首先要感谢希拉里女士和美国国务院的努力。”

高耀洁是在二月初准备到北京办来美签证时被河南警方软禁的。河南省官员轮番到她家劝她放弃去美国领奖,并还给她的儿女施压要他们劝母亲不要去美国。后来,作为“重要之声”组织荣誉主席的美国国会参议员希拉里-克林顿给中国领导人写了一封信,再加上高耀洁本人的坚持和其他方面的帮助,中国最高领导层最终下令放行,至此高耀洁已被软禁在家达两个星期。当被问到她对河南省官员有什么话要讲时,高耀洁说:

“我认为是因为我在地方比较出名,个别人想升官,就在我身上开刀。”

高耀洁提到的徐光春是河南省委书记。这次是高耀洁第三次获得国际上的奖项,而前两次都被中国政府阻挠没有亲自出国领奖。这次能来美国领奖高耀洁感到很高兴,但对回中国后的前景则感到担心:


图片:获奖者从左到右依次为谢丽华,王行娟,郭建梅和高耀洁(RFA)

“现在我担心回去以后还有别的方法来打压我,我特别担心我的家人。我和儿子的邮箱都被关闭了。”

高耀洁说,回国后她将把这次获奖得到的奖金用来出版两本有关艾滋病的书:

“我要出两本书,一本2004年以前已经交给一个出版社了,这个出版社就是迟迟不出,我就要回来了,材料已经过期了,所以我在整理,这本书叫《爱滋殇》,另外还一个叫《十年访艾录》,这个编辑因为这本书,被炒鱿鱼了,他从上海跑到广东,把书稿带到了广东,所以两本书没有出。”

在记者会上,高耀洁不可避免地谈到艾滋病在中国的传播情况。她说,中国的艾滋病病毒和世界上其他国家的不一样,所以传播途径也不一样,在中国通过吸毒和性传播的比例较小,主要是血液传播。1990年代,中国很多省份大兴血浆经济,政府设立很多采血站,从血液中提取血浆,用来制药,然后把剩下的红血球分开,再把血输回到卖血人身上。由于这个过程管理不严,艾滋病很容易传播开来。当政府发现血液传播艾滋病的问题后,官方说这些采血站已被关闭。但是,高耀洁透露,这并不是事实,现在非法血库仍然存在:

“官方血库是表面关闭,地下血库不但没关闭还增加了。像贵州25个县卖血,最近发现广东有人都卖过十年的血,而且是夜里12点到早晨6点卖血。”

在高耀洁于二月初被河南省当局软禁的时候,河南省另一位艾滋病活动人士李喜阁也同时遭到软禁。李喜阁本人和两个孩子都因为在医院输血感染艾滋病。高耀洁向记者们通报了有关李喜阁的最新进展:

在高耀洁获准出国之前,中国政府卫生部副部长王陇德代表吴仪副总理看望了高耀洁。高耀洁很赞同王陇德对中国艾滋病疫情的看法:

“第一,王部长承认中国主要是血传播,到现在都没有制止住;第二个王部长承认宣传力度不够;第三个王部长承认救助不普遍,如果王部长这个思路能真正贯彻下去,我觉得这个问题会迎刃而解。因为底下和上面不一样,底下只想说好的。”

但是如何才能够使中央和地方官员的认识统一起来并使地方官员如实贯彻中央的政策呢?高耀洁表示她说不好:

“地方官员水平很低,他只想当官挣钱,买官再当大官,底下的腐败也很严重,所以我很难说。”

高耀洁还不忘在记者会上宣传她的博客。目前她的博客访问量已达到一百多万,上面有很多有关艾滋病的病例和文章。

自由亚洲电台申铧华盛顿报道。
http://www.rfa.org/mandarin/shenrubaodao/2007/03/14/gao/

AIDS Doctor Fears Return to China 2007.03.15



http://www.rfa.org/english/news/social/2007/03/15/china_aids/


Dr. Gao talks with Mandarin service broadcaster Zhang Min. Photo: RFA


WASHINGTON—Leading Chinese AIDS activist Gao Yaojie says she fears further harassment from local authorities when she returns home after a U.S. trip during which she received a human rights award, Radio Free Asia (RFA) reports.

“I am very concerned that the authorities will find new ways to keep me down when I return,” Gao, 80, told RFA’s Mandarin service during her trip. “I am particularly worried about my family. Both my son’s and my e-mailboxes have been closed.”

The government-run blood-banks are closed. But not only have the black market blood-banks not closed, they are on the increase again.

Retired Chinese doctor and AIDS activist Gao Yaojie

Gao, a retired gynecologist, was honored by the Vital Voices Global Partnership, a nonprofit group whose honorary chairwomen are U.S. Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton, Democrat of New York, and Senator Kay Bailey Hutchison, Republican of Texas.

Officials initially detained her Feb. 1 as she went to collect a U.S travel visa. Under international pressure, she was ultimately permitted to make her first-ever trip to the United States.


Dr. Gao Yaojie. Photo: RFA
>> View Larger Image

Elderly and diminutive, Gao is credited with saving hundreds of thousands of lives in China, after she launched a one-woman crusade in the mid-1990s to expose the blood plasma donor business that triggered an HIV/AIDS epidemic in Henan province. It was she who found a link among a rising number of patients with AIDS: All had donated blood plasma at unsanitary collection centers, for about U.S. $5 per donation.

“The epidemic is different in China from anywhere else because I have spoken to AIDS groups here in the United States and they say it is mostly transmitted through sex and intravenous drug use. But in China, while I don’t deny the transmission of the virus through sex between men, and I don’t deny drug use, the largest part of transmissions occur through the blood trade,” Gao told RFA reporter Zhang Min.

Blood trade resurges

“Most of the cases I have seen weren’t transmitted sexually. They were transmitted through blood transfusions.”

Gao’s view isn’t popular in many circles, where local officials tend to report HIV infections as transmitted by intravenous drug use, making the illegal blood-trade less visible on the official record. She has been repeatedly harassed, had her phone cut off, and been held under virtual house arrest by local officials angered by her forthright style and tireless work on behalf of China’s AIDS patients and orphans.

In the early 1990s, commercial blood stations flourished in Henan. Some farmers who sold blood became infected with HIV through unclean equipment. Sellers sold blood by volume, so to reduce payments and allow farmers to recover faster, the stations often re-transfused them with red blood cells left after the valuable plasma was taken.

Now, Gao says the problem hasn’t been solved, just brushed under the rug.

“The government-run blood-banks are closed. But not only have the black-market blood banks not closed, they are on the increase again. Twenty-five counties in Guizhou alone are engaged in blood-selling. Recently they discovered some people in Guangzhou who had been selling their blood for 10 years, from midnight to 6 a.m.,” she said.

Blood-selling continues

She said AIDS often left the poorest and most vulnerable in society without hope or help. “I have seen a young child of 19 months die of AIDS and an old man in his 70s in a Henan hospital. The situation for women is even worse, because they can often be hit by AIDS via blood transfusions during childbirth, or they sell blood...And it’s not just in Henan. There are many other places where the problems are just as bad. In Shanxi it’s even worse than in Henan.”

In December, UNAIDS reported in its 2006 Epidemic Update that the Asia-Pacific region suffered 630,000 deaths from AIDS-related illnesses in 2006.

HIV infection risk is associated in Southeast Asian countries with unprotected commercial sex, sex between men, and unsafe injecting drug use, the Update said. The report blames the failure of governments to adequately address the role of sex between men in the epidemic.

In China, new infections are on the rise among injecting drug users, although half the new infections in China during 2005 occurred during unprotected sex.

The virus was spreading gradually from at-risk populations into the general population and there is a rise in the number of infections among women, the report said, although it was based on official Chinese government figures, which are affected by how local officials choose to report them.

A Feb. 24 article in the British medical journal The Lancet notes that China’s first AIDS case was identified in 1985 in a dying tourist. By 1998, HIV had reached all 31 provinces and had entered a phase of exponential growth, with 650,000 infections by 2005.

Local officials blamed

Gao lauded the Health Ministry in Beijing for taking an enlightened view of HIV/AIDS in China. But she wasn’t very optimistic that the vision of leaders in Beijing would ever be implemented on the ground. “The level of education of local officials is really very low,” she said.

“They just take public office because they want to make money and get promoted to a higher level. It’s very hard to say because the problem of corruption is also widespread at lower levels of government.”

She said the central government was likely to have backed her following an interview with RFA from her home by telephone in February. “During the time when I was under house arrest, my telephone was cut off...And Radio Free Asia’s Zhang Min got through. During the interview, I said I was under house arrest and being watched by many people.”

“I told Zhang Min that living was worse than death for me because I was under so much pressure. I believe what I said in that interview made a difference. I believe the interview played a decisive role. I believe when the Chinese leadership learned of what I had said during the interview, they decided to allow me to travel to the United States,” Gao said.

Original reporting in Mandarin by Zhang Min and Shen Hua. RFA Mandarin service director: Jennifer Chou. Translated and written for the Web in English. Edited by Sarah Jackson-Han.

高耀洁在自由亚洲电台接受专访 2007.03.16



"也许我是一个儒学出身,我读的‘四书’,我觉得道德在沦丧。" --高耀洁

http://www.rfa.org/mandarin/shenrubaodao/2007/03/16/gaoyaojie/

本台消息,被誉为中国“民间防艾第一人”的八十岁女医生高耀洁,3月14日晚在美国首都华盛顿举行的颁奖典礼上,接受了美国维护世界妇女权益的组织“‘重要之声’环球合作伙伴关系”颁发的“2007年环球领导奖”。来自五个国家共8位杰出人士获奖,其中有四位中国妇女:高耀洁、王行娟、谢丽华和郭建梅。高耀洁医生曾因申请来美国领奖,被当局有关方面软禁在家两周,后获准成行。颁奖典礼次日下午,高耀洁医生在华盛顿自由亚洲电台总部接受了本台专访。 以下是自由亚洲电台记者张敏的采访报道。

听报道
http://www.rfa.org/service/audio_popup.html
下载声音文件
http://www.rfa.org/mandarin/shenrubaodao/2007/03/16/m0315-mz.mp3

3月14日晚上,来自中国河南的高耀洁医生在美国首都华盛顿“肯尼迪中心”接受了美国维护妇女权益组织“‘重要之声’环球合作伙伴关系”颁发的“2007年环球领导奖”。前美国第一夫人希拉里。克林顿是该组织的荣誉主席之一。

在颁奖典礼上,特邀颁奖嘉宾、资深美国女记者朱迪-伍德若芙介绍站在领奖台上的高耀洁医生。她谈到高耀洁医生十多年来为救助艾滋病人,公布艾滋病“血传播”真相所作的艰苦努力和成就。

高耀洁医生从领奖台上走下来,我问她此刻是什么心情,她说:“我心情很乱。”

问:“为什么?”
答:“我不知道我回去的命运怎么样。”

第二天下午,高耀洁医生走进自由亚洲电台的录音间:

记者:“高医生,您好!祝贺您得奖!”
高:“谢谢!”

问:“知道您几天长途旅行、与各方面交流,一定很辛苦,您身体怎么样?”
答:“我情形很好,身体可以”。

今年八十岁的高耀洁医生原是中国河南中医学院第一附属医院妇科教授、主任医师。她退休后,于1996年六十九岁的时候,开始关注艾滋病问题、病人和遗孤。 由于高耀洁等人的努力,2002年,河南和中国各地因卖血和血浆导致艾滋病蔓延问题,终于被揭露出来。

中国的公开宣传中一般认为,艾滋病主要是通过性传播和吸毒传播。而高耀洁医生十年来反复强调,中国近年通过卖血、输血、使用血液制品传播艾滋病,她统称为“血传播”,认为亟需全社会公开正视、采取对策。她批评当局不应该讳言艾滋病的“血传播”。

早在文革中因受迫害被打伤,作过胃切除百分之九十五手术的高耀洁医生,近十一年来走访了中国十几个县、市几千位艾滋病感染者,她为病人提供医疗服务,,并且作调查报道、著书、印发大量预防艾滋病的宣传材料。

高耀洁医生著有《中国艾滋病调查》、《一万封信:我所见闻的艾滋病、性病患者生存现状》等书,并与她的先生郭明久医生(现已去世)合著《鲜为人知的故事:艾滋病、性病防治大众读本》。

2001年,高耀洁获得全球健康理事会等三个国际卫生组织联合颁发的“乔纳森。曼恩世界健康与人权奖”;2003年获得有“亚洲诺贝尔奖”之称的“拉蒙。麦格塞塞”公共服务奖,这两次中国当局都没有允许她出国领奖,只得由他人代领。

十一年来,高耀洁自费印发了124万份预防艾滋病的宣传材料,她用曼恩奖两万美元奖金和美国福特基金会一万美元捐款,加印《艾滋病性病的防治》一书。 近年来她用自己获得的奖金和包括外出讲课等工作得到的报酬,一共大约一百万元人民币,用于帮助艾滋病患者和遗孤。

高耀洁医生被誉为民间防艾第一人。

今年2月2日,因为她要求来美国领取“2007年环球领导奖”,当局有关方面先不准许她赴美,把她软禁在河南家中两个星期。2月16日,通知她可以来美国领奖。

今年八十岁的高耀洁医生这是第一次出国。 今天我们有机会在录音间里面对面访谈。

记者:“高医生,您被软禁期间,我们在偶尔短暂打通电话的时候采访过您,那时候您已经被软禁十多天。现在您能够亲自来领奖,并且在繁忙中到我们自由亚洲电台总部,我们能够面对面,真是特别的高兴!

高:“谢谢!我觉得你们能说些真实的话,你们也很及时。那一次,我的电话只开通了半天,一直是被切断了,不知道为什么你打过去电话了,这样,大家听到我的声音了。 当时我被软禁,很多人都不知道,包括我们那个小区的人都不知道我发生了什么事情,当时不让我孩子上楼看我,我自己在楼上被关着。你那个时候(报道)声音发出来以后,就扭转了,大家知道我是为什么而被当地政府关,我不知道你咋打通了,就那半天,不到六个小时。”

记者:“之前我们也尝试过,但是打不进去。”
高:“那次不知道为啥通了。(当天)晚上又被关住(切断)了。

记者:“就那麽短暂的一会儿。
高:“以后又关住了,到16日(通知允许来美领奖)以后又开通了。但是直到我出来(23日),还是监控着。反正她监控我的电话时间长了,我也习惯了。包括看我的警察都不知道我犯的啥罪。”

问:“您怎么看外界听到您声音的重要性?”
答:“我觉得非常重要,起码知道这个真实情况。

问:“您在经历了这么多艰难之后,站在领奖台上,是什么样的心情?” 答:“我心情一个是非常乱,另一个我也很高兴。因为通过美国的希拉里女士和国务院、国务卿的努力,还有一个人专门天天写信。另外现在中国比过去开明,胡锦涛总书记和温家宝总理、吴仪副总理,能亲自关注这个问题,这是很了不起的事情,也是中国一个进步。 特别是在2月23日晚上,我见到卫生部主管艾滋病的副部长王陇德先生。我们在谈话中间,他流露出使我很高兴的三个问题。如果这三个问题能落实的话,就是中国艾滋病人的幸福,也是中华民族的幸福。 第一就是王陇德部长承认,中国的艾滋病主要是‘血传播’。我也认为是这样。我并不否认有‘性传播’和‘吸毒传播’、‘母婴传播’。看来现在是‘母婴传播’比‘性传播’还多。 但是主要的是因为穷,卖血,因为有病输血。 在2月份,元月份,山西和广东还有两个大的‘黑血站’卖血。有人卖,就有人输。 最近见,一个小孩2004年10月24日出生,2005年8月23日从沙发上摔下来,头上摔了个包,到医院去看,又是个男孩子,比较娇。医院给他输‘血小板’ 输了一袋。到了9月1日,又给他输了一袋,孩子从这儿以后就发病了。 2006年6月9日,这个孩子死了,艾滋病死了。(这孩子才)十九个月。 2006年2月19日,在河南最大的医院,因为胃出血输血,艾滋病又感染一个老先生。今年七十四岁,发病了。这是我亲眼看见的。 妇女情况比他们更严重。第一,是剖腹产、子宫手术、宫外孕手术,输血感染比较多。我名片上有我的‘博克’。在我那‘博克’上,我老伴去世半年,我收到因为妇科手术感染的四十多例,而且发生在一个县。还有人工流产,还有一个‘上(避孕)环出血也感染了。。。你们可以把博克上这些东西看看,看看这些情况。 有一家四口人就感染三口,已经死掉一口了,都是艾滋病。”

问:“关于妇女感染,这么多年来,您看总体上是一种什么情形?”
答:“在中国,大家不要把这个事情误会。老说‘河南’,‘河南’,这是错误的,其它地方不比河南轻,甚至比河南还重。”

问:“您能够确定的省份,能说一说,数一数吗?”
答:“我派人去过云南、贵州、广东、广西和四川。一次我雇了四部车、八个司机、十五个人,拿着我的东西(宣传资料),到这几个省看了。官方都是说‘我们这儿都是吸毒传播’。 跟着艾滋病人下农村了,发现爱滋村里到处跑着卖血,以招工为名,到屋里以后就天天抽(血),直抽到他(她)不会动了。”

问:“您说血传播,卖血是一个源头?”
答:“根源。”

问:“接下来是经过什么样的链条传播艾滋病?”

答:“卖了血以后,血到了血库。(1996年)我见第一个病人,就是血库的血输血感染的,是个妇女作子宫手术,这是很可怕的。再一个就是母亲再传播给婴儿,占百分之三十多一点。 中国艾滋病病毒传播和国外不同。在美国我见了一个艾滋病机构,这里的人多半是‘性传播’感染,同性恋和吸毒传播。而在中国,同性恋传播、吸毒传播,我不能否认,但我见的绝大多数是通过血。我去了安徽、山西、湖北、河北。”

问:“除了输血,血买上来之后还有什么用途?”
答:“还有输‘血小板’、(制做)血液制品。”

问:“血液制品。。。”
答:“白蛋白、球蛋白。”

问:“注射的白蛋白、球蛋白?”
答:“嗯。还有血小板、单采血浆。所以,这个血液感染源如果不断绝,王部长也承认,中国的艾滋病,民族(未来)都不敢设想。领这次奖在国际上是第六次。”

问:“您获国际奖这是第六次。有机会和国际组织、和一些人士接触,您最想告诉他们什么?最想表达的是什麽样的心情?”
答:“我最想表达的是,中国如果这样卖血、这样输血下去。。。因为他们夜间卖血——夜间十二点到早上六点,白天没人了。这样卖血下去,血液问题不能断绝,艾滋病继续传播,继续死人,孤儿不是继续增多吗?你光说‘救孤儿’,救得了吗?你不从根源上解决问题,艾滋病人能断绝吗?现在政府承认,每年以百分之三十到百分之四十往上升。这是很可怕的。另一方面,王部长也承认这个问题,宣传不利,大家都怕艾滋病,但是不知道这个艾滋病基本知识。 有人就这样公开说‘我不会得艾滋病,我又不嫖娼,我又不卖淫。’ 有一次,我到一个村庄,调查了一个居民组。我调查了三十八家,四十多口因为卖血感染艾滋病。这个是啥地方?少林寺底下登封石道乡。”

记者:“本来那个地方人们身体很健康的,习武的地方。”
高:“对啊。现在王部长也承认,一个是,宣传不力,另一个是现在发艾滋财。有人公开说‘我是世代中医、八代中医。。。专治艾滋病,治好多少多少’,艾滋病进中国现在不到二十年,这明显是骗子。 山西、陕西、河北、安徽。。。国家报道三十一个(省、市、区)没有一个(艾滋病)空白点,都发现感染。现在以救孤儿为名,有些人骗了很多钱。 现在应该赶快断绝血液感染源。否则,我们中华民族后果不堪设想。”

问:“您最初关注艾滋病人的时候,是您六十九岁那一年,现在您是八十岁,从六十九到八十岁,正是可以安享晚年的时候,您投入这么多力量,做一些救助工作,还要写书,投入了大量时间、精力和金钱,是什麽力量驱动您这样做?”
答:“当时,我不知道这个艾滋病的背后是这样复杂,有很多人干一、二年就不干了。我现在是欲罢不能。 我老伴不在了,我也没有那个情绪再干。可是,譬如吧,一个村上,这几个人都要死了,集中签上名,派两个人把孩子给我送去,说‘你老人家行行好吧,我们快离开这个世界了,你看看怎么样把孩子给我养起来’。你想一想,我八十岁,我会养大七岁、八岁、十岁的孩子?”

问:“您亲自过问照顾的一共有多少艾滋孤儿?”
答:“一百六十四人。现在有个情况,上令不能下达,下边的情况也不知道。2003年12月18日,我见吴仪副总理,她要见我的,她拍着我的肩膀‘你说你说’,说到假医假药的时候,她问我‘发现不了怎么办?’一会儿又说‘打不住怎么办?’,我说‘我也没办法’。 所以说,现在中国,最大的问题就是我代表我个人看法,也许我是一个儒学出身,我读的‘四书’,我觉得道德在沦丧。应该提倡遵守性道德,洁身自好,而不能认为‘避孕套’就是解决一切问题的唯一办法。。。 我真想退下来了,不好往下退,我跟他们一样。现在和我一块儿工作的人,好多人都不干了。”

问:“您特别想退,是怎么回事呢?”
答:“太难了,压力太大了。现在不但压到我,而且压到家属。还有人出来骂,我所以叫你看看我的‘博克’。(案例相关人)就是说‘我家在哪里,我叫啥,我的电话号码。。。你敢来?我的儿子就是输血死了。”

记者:“好,我们让更多人注意您的‘博克’
博克网址://blog.sina.com.cn/u/1260580754

高耀洁医生:“我站在领奖台上的时候,你有没有看到我有点木呆?来自各方面的压力。”

问:“什么样的压力?”
答:“譬如,(2月14日)你给我打电话那会儿,警察正在那儿看着我呢,不准我出屋门,你电话就证实了。不但你证实,还去了好多外国记者,国外不相信。 在这种情况下,更不应该的就是,胡锦涛已经批过,同意我出国,可是还压着我的儿子给我磕头不叫我走。所以说,现在我想的很多很多问题(哽咽),我要不管吧,(艾滋病人)哭着找到我,好像找到救星。我要管吧,实在无能为力。 现在我还有两本书没出来,可是我是八十岁的人了,我。。。你没看到我站在领奖台上的时候,我跟他们的态度不一样。”

问:“您刚才说压力很大,还有什么压力?”
答:“从2000年我的电话就被监控了。那个时候的警察不像现在这样看得厉害,我往那儿走,去买个肥皂,买个笔,都跟着我。那个时候主要是怕我下乡去找艾滋病人。那时是我去找艾滋病人,现在是艾滋病人找我。”

问:“您2001年获得一个大奖‘曼恩世界健康和人权奖’;2003年获有‘亚洲诺贝尔奖’之称得‘拉蒙。麦格塞塞’公共服务奖,两次都没有获准出国领奖。是因为当局有关方面不让您来,这次被软禁两星期后,您能出来,您觉得是什麽因素促成您得以来美国领奖?”
答:“我觉得有两个因素,一个是外边压力,第二个是中国比过去开明了,上层和下层不太一样。胡锦涛总书记不是提出‘和谐社会’吗?既然提出,这样,你无故给我非法拘留,这不是不符合他这个精神吗?这个情况下,允许我出来的。 至于我回到家去以后,河南当地政府是如何态度,这个我难以想象。”

问:“在遏止艾滋病蔓延方面,您觉得中国当局有关方面、民间人士、国际社会,您能想到的特别希望他们做什么?他们有什么可做的?”
答:“特别希望他们能制止感染源。把非法卖血的‘血站’,跟老百姓讲清楚,不要再去卖血了!哎呀,那卖血的人哪,争先恐后地往上跑。”

问:“现在有报道说,中国非法的血站已经都关闭了,您看是不是事实?”
答:“绝对不是事实,因为我有报道。”

问:“您为什么说没关闭?”
答:“现在《华夏时报》是邓小平他儿子办的,二月份报道出来的。还有《新民晚报》,也是二月份报道出来的。”

问:“要是想真正让所有的‘黑血站’都关闭的话,需要做些什么?”
答:“需要扫除腐败。”

问:“从哪儿下手呢?做什么事?”

答:“我觉得最近人大提出来很好,以后提拔干部,性行为乱的,好色的病(笑)也不能提拔;贪污盗窃也是病,也不能提拔。如果把这一批人扫完,这个社会就会清亮了。”

问:“当局、有权力的人还可以做什么?”
答:“有权力的人本身应该以身作则。”

问:“按您想,遏止艾滋病的蔓延,民间人士能够做什么?”
答:“你发现没有?大陆的人跟国外的人意识不一样。因为从文革以后,道德的沦丧,一切向钱看,看谁能诈骗,谁能弄钱,谁就是英雄。”

问:“有没有一些人士也是同情您、帮助您的,您觉得这样的人们还可以扩大范围,做些事情,想过没有?”
答:“很难。他们也害怕。譬如我的孩子就害怕。”

问:“以您这样说,主要就是要当局有关方面握有权力的人、有决策权的人要来做事情?”
答:“起码要给这些民间的人松绑。”

问:“现在主要是被束缚。”
答:“害怕。”

问:“国际组织您觉得可以从哪些方面帮助您?”
答:“我觉得国际组织不了解真正的情况。这一次我见了好多议员,女议员。。。昨天下午希拉里亲自见我,还有那位穿红衣服的我忘了名字了,她也亲自见我。她们对待我说的这情况觉着好像是天方夜谭一样。我都拿着东西呢,我会把照片照出来。我希望让大家能知道真实情况。能促进中国政府对腐败官员加以处理。起码说,将来中国能走向真正富强。”

问:“您这次是第一次出国,和很多外面的人接触,也走了一些地方,沿途有什么感想,或者有趣的事情,您愿意讲一讲?一路看到美国的风光、城市,接触一些人,什么印象?”
答:“我倒觉着纽约像上海,再一个我觉得华盛顿比较干净。另外我特别感觉人与人比较真诚。再有,你譬如说几点钟干啥,就是几点钟干啥,不像中国拖拖拉拉,说五点,八点还看不到人呢,没有这个现象。”

问:“您近期还又什么打算?”
答:“我现在不是还有两本(想要出的)书吗?我已经托人找出版社能出来。因为我这个年龄,在世之日也就是倒计时的时间了。”

问:“书名是什么?”
答:“《十年防艾路》和《艾滋殇》。”

问:“您回国后还有什么进一步打算?”
答:“进一步的打算就是如果体制允许。。。”

问:“(从声音分辩不出)体质还是体制?”
答:“整个国家体制。我的身体。。。我现在可以雇车下去。”

问:“在这十年里,您身体有没有很吃不消的时候?”
答:“有。”

问:“到什么程度?”
答:“ 有。”

问:“到什么程度?”
答:“从脚肿到肚脐。有一次出去调查为艾滋病人照相,我血压高到二百二。所以现在就是出去,我也得雇车了,我已经不能再挤交通车了。近期可能我回去就要搞这两本书。还要安排这些孩子(爱滋孤儿),要升大学的、升高中的,我都要跟他们说说话。”

问:“您对年轻一代。。。您手下现在有没有更年轻的人和您一起工作?”
答:“有。”

问:“大约有多少人?”
答:“没数字。譬如,一来来五六个学生,帮助我捆(东西)。还有一个人带来七、八个人,回家挨了一顿打。”

问:“您能知道的数目大概是几百还是几千人?”
答:“大概有几百人。”

问:“您对年轻一代‘抗艾’的工作人员、一些志愿者,有什么样的希望?”
答:“他们是害怕。”

问:“后来在决定让您出来以后,您的儿女还有别的压力吗?”
答:“我估计现在还有,因为我拨不通电话。”

问:“家里电话又不通了?”
答:“又不通了。”

问:“多长时间了?”
答:“一直就没拨通,现在还拨不通。现在我急着要出书,我就说‘这几本书,谁要翻外文你们随便翻,只要别跟我要钱,我没钱’。”

问:“假如您回去以后,向外界发出声音要承受压力的话,您还会继续向外界讲吗?”
答:“当然要向外界讲了,我要是不向外界讲的话,我死在哪里谁知道啊。”

记者:“高医生,因为时间关系,我们今天只能暂时说到这里,非常感谢您在烦忙中接受我们的采访。祝您健康、快乐!一切顺利!”
高:“唉呦,我不会快乐(笑),既然走到这种份上。”

记者:“再次谢谢您!”

以上是自由亚洲电台记者张敏的采访报道。